ArticleSchizophrenia research2020
Behind the opaque curtain: A 20-year longitudinal study of dissociative and first-rank symptoms in schizophrenia-spectrum psychoses, other psychoses and non-psychotic disorders.
Article in Schizophrenia research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prospective investigation of positive psychotic symptoms, dissociative symptoms, and metacognitive dysfunctions in a non-clinical population.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Are dissociative psychosis and dissociative schizophrenia reality?World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Dissociative psychosis or dissociative schizophrenia? Comparison of two phenomena.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sensed Presence, Attenuated Psychosis, and Transliminality: At the Threshold of Consciousness.Psychopathology · 2023Article
- Dissociation in patients with non-affective psychosis: Prevalence, symptom associations, and maintenance factors.Schizophrenia research · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDepersonalization and derealization are currently considered diagnostically distinct from first-rank symptoms (FRS) seen in schizophrenia-spectrum psychoses. Nevertheless, the lived experiences of these symptoms can be very similar phenomenologically.
aimsTo investigate the interrelationships between depersonalization, derealization and FRS in individuals with different types of psychotic and non-psychotic diagnoses.
methodsThe Chicago Follow-up Study was a prospective longitudinal research program designed to study psychopathology and recovery in psychiatric disorders consisting of 555 participants, who were recruited at index hospitalization and studied over six follow-up timepoints at approximately 2, 4.5, 7.5, 10, 15, and 20 years later. The primary clinical indices were depersonalization, derealization and Schneiderian FRS that were measured at index hospitalization and at each subsequent follow-up.
results62.8% of participants had at least four follow-ups. There were significant differences in the course and chronicity of depersonalization, derealization and first-rank symptoms across the three diagnostic groups. For the whole sample, derealization was significantly associated with FRS at 2-, 4.5- and 7.5-year follow-up timepoints whereas depersonalization was related to FRS from 10-year follow-up to 20-year follow-up. In participants with schizophrenia, overall depersonalization was more often associated with passivity phenomena whereas derealization was more often associated with overall delusions. There was also a significant effect of time on the associations between depersonalization, derealization and FRS across follow-ups.
conclusionsDepersonalization and derealization should be viewed as transdiagnostic phenomena that are associated with FRS psychopathology along a continuum, although they are more closely associated with schizophrenia-spectrum psychoses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.