ArticleEpigenetics2021
Sex-specific associations with DNA methylation in lung tissue demonstrate smoking interactions.
Article in Epigenetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemical and climatic environmental exposures and epigenetic aging: A systematic review.Environmental research · 2025Pooled it
- Pulmonary Function and Blood DNA Methylation: A Multiancestry Epigenome-Wide Association Meta-analysis.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Identification of DNA methylation signatures of smoking in women and associations with cardiovascular disease mortality.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Comprehensive analysis of mutational signatures and corresponding driver genes in cervical cancer from Xinjiang.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Circulating DNA-Markers of High Risk for Lung Cancer in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2026Article
- Sex-specific transcriptome similarity networks elucidate comorbidity relationships.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Pulmonary Immunocompromise in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease.Clinics in chest medicine · 2025Review
- Smoking as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Females and Males: Observational and Mendelian Randomisation Analyses in the UK Biobank.Global heart · 2025Observational
- Identification of a prognostic signature based on immunogenic adverse event-related genes to guide therapy for non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- GL4SDA: Predicting snoRNA-disease associations using GNNs and LLM embeddings.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Dissecting the pathogenic effects of smoking in blood DNA methylation on allergic diseases.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2024Article
- Sex-related DNA methylation is associated with inflammation and gene expression in the lungs of healthy individuals.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- The association of cigarette smoking with DNA methylation and gene expression in human tissue samples.American journal of human genetics · 2024Article
- Alterations in the molecular control of mitochondrial turnover in COPD lung and airway epithelial cells.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A permutation-based approach using a rank-based statistic to identify sex differences in epigenetics.Scientific reports · 2023Review
- Intrauterine Smoke Exposure, microRNA Expression during Human Lung Development, and Childhood Asthma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Sex-specific DNA methylation and associations withEpigenetics · 2022Article
- Sex-specific DNA methylation: impact on human health and development.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2022Review
- Epigenetic mechanisms regulate sex-specific bias in disease manifestations.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cigarette smoking impacts DNA methylation, but the investigation of sex-specific features of lung tissue DNA methylation in smokers has been limited. Women appear more susceptible to cigarette smoke, and often develop more severe lung disease at an earlier age with less smoke exposure. We aimed to analyse whether there are sex differences in DNA methylation in lung tissue and whether these DNA methylation marks interact with smoking. We collected lung tissue samples from former smokers who underwent lung tissue resection. One hundred thirty samples from white subjects were included for this analysis. Regression models for sex as a predictor of methylation were adjusted for age, presence of COPD, smoking variables and technical batch variables revealed 710 associated sites. 294 sites demonstrated robust sex-specific methylation associations in foetal lung tissue. Pathway analysis identified 6 nominally significant pathways including the mitophagy pathway. Three CpG sites demonstrated a suggested interaction between sex and pack-years of smoking: GPR132, ANKRD44 and C19orf60. All of them were nominally significant in both male- and female-specific models, and the effect estimates were in opposite directions for male and female; GPR132 demonstrated significant association between DNA methylation and gene expression in lung tissue (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.