ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2020
Ethical and Societal Issues Occasioned by Xenotransplantation.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetically engineered porcine liver: a new era in transplantation.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Porcine xenotransplantation in the clinical era: converging advances and unresolved barriers on the path to clinical translation - a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cardiac transplantation: A review of current status and emerging innovations.World journal of transplantation · 2025Review
- Challenges in Paediatric Xenotransplantation: Ethical Components Requiring Distinct Attention in Children and Obligations to Patients and Society.Journal of bioethical inquiry · 2025Article
- [Research and application progress for liver xenotransplantation].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025Review
- Surveillance and prevention of infection in clinical xenotransplantation.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- In vitro and in vivo assessment of a non-animal sourced chitosan scaffold loaded with xeno-free umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells cultured under macromolecular crowding conditions.Biomaterials and biosystems · 2024Article
- Cardiac Xenotransplantation: A Narrative Review.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Ethics, virtues and xenotransplantation.Perfusion · 2024Review
- Moral approval of xenotransplantation in Egypt: associations with religion, attitudes towards animals and demographic factors.BMC medical ethics · 2024Article
- Liver Xenotransplantation: A Path to Clinical Reality.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Review
- Ethical and legislative advances in xenotransplantation for clinical translation: focusing on cardiac, kidney and islet cell xenotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Whole-Organ Pancreas and Islets Transplantations in UK: An Overview and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- From waste to wealth: Repurposing slaughterhouse waste for xenotransplantation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Unaddressed regulatory issues in xenotransplantation: a hypothetical example.Frontiers in transplantation · 2023Article
- Cardiac Xenotransplantation: Challenges, Evolution, and Advances.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2022Review
- Xenotransplantation: A New Era.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There are three sorts of issues associated with genetic engineering and, by implication, with xenotransplantation. These are dangers associated with the technology, animal welfare issues, and the claim that genetic engineering represents a technology that humans should not embark upon. Using the hearts of pigs for humans in need of transplants has been a major issue in xenotransplantation. There are dangers associated with such use, such as immunological rejection of the organ, endogenous viruses infecting the recipients, and issues of privacy. In addition, the issue of fair distribution of organs arises. Animal welfare issues also arise, most notably the living conditions of the donor animals, issues notably present in confinement agriculture. A major issue emerges from animals' being kept under conditions that fail to meet the needs dictated by the animals' biological and psychological natures. Xenotransplantation animals will be kept under deprived laboratory conditions that similarly fail to meet the animals' natures. This is a significant concern for society in general. There are also issues of "bad ethics" arising from scientists' disavowal of ethical concerns in science. This in turn, coupled with societal ignorance of science, creates a climate for proliferation of religious and other non-rational concerns, such as the claim that xenotransplantation violates God's will. These spurious concerns can only be ameliorated when public understanding of science improves, and scientific understanding of ethics increases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.