ArticleJournal of clinical pharmacology2021
Effect of Pregnancy and Concomitant Antiretrovirals on the Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir in Women With HIV Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Based Antiretroviral Therapy Versus Women With HBV Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Monotherapy.
Article in Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal analysis of viral suppression before, during, and after pregnancy among women on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: six-year real-world experience.HIV research & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Levofloxacin for Treatment of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: Results from IMPAACT P1026s.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Observational
- Clinical Relevance of Drug Interactions in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy-Update 2022: Systematic Review.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Antivirals for prevention of hepatitis B virus mother-to-child transmission in human immunodeficiency virus positive pregnant women co-infected with hepatitis B virus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Magnitude of Drug-Drug Interactions in Special Populations.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is recommended as part of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for pregnant women with HIV and as monotherapy for pregnant women with hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfection at high risk of transmitting infection to their infants. Tenofovir (TFV) plasma exposures are reduced during pregnancy; however, concomitant antiretrovirals and the viral infection itself can also influence TFV pharmacokinetics. Our aim was to compare TFV pharmacokinetics in pregnant women receiving TDF-based ART, with or without a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (r/PI), to pregnant women with HBV receiving TDF monotherapy. Non-r/PI regimens were primarily integrase strand transfer inhibitors or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens. Data were combined from a pharmacokinetic study of pregnant women with HIV on ART (PANNA), and a study assessing TFV pharmacokinetics in pregnant women with HBV (iTAP). A total of 196 pregnant women, 59 with HIV (32 receiving r/PIs) and 137 with HBV monoinfection were included. Intraindividual TFV area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to 24 hours was 25%, 26%, and 21% lower during the third trimester compared to 1 month postpartum in women with HIV using TDF and an r/PI or TDF and non-r/PI and women with HBV receiving TDF monotherapy, respectively. TFV area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to 24 hours was similar in pregnant women receiving non-r/PI to pregnant women with HBV receiving TDF monotherapy (1.84 vs 1.86 µg • h/mL); however, pregnant women receiving TDF with an r/PI had higher exposures (2.41 µg • h/mL; P < .01). Pregnancy reduces TFV exposure and the relative size was not impacted by concomitant antiretroviral drugs or viral infection, but a drug-drug interaction between TDF and r/PI remains during pregnancy, leading to higher exposures than those on TDF and non-r/PI or TDF monotherapy.
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