ArticleHuman molecular genetics2020
The Duffy-null genotype and risk of infection.
Article in Human molecular genetics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- ACKR1/Duffy-null genotype testing for clozapine: A guideline developed by the UK Centre of Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation in Pharmacogenomics (CERSI-PGx).British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Guideline
- A Case of Duffy-Null-Associated Neutropenia in a Patient With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.Case reports in hematology · 2026Article
- Article
- Prioritizing precision: guidelines for the better use of population descriptors in human microbiome research.mSystems · 2025Review
- A paradigm shift in neutrophil adverse event grading: Why now?HemaSphere · 2025Article
- Genetic identification of undiagnosed benign ethnic neutropenia in patients receiving clozapine treatment.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2025Article
- Understanding clozapine-related blood dyscrasias. Developments, genetics, ethnicity and disparity: it's a CIN.BJPsych bulletin · 2025Review
- Characterization of the phenotypic consequences of the Duffy-null genotype.Blood advances · 2025Article
- Delayed neutrophil recovery following BCMA CAR-T therapy in Duffy-null myeloma does not impact severe infections or survival.Blood advances · 2025Article
- Incidence of Typical Neutrophil Count With Fy(a-b-) Status Among Hematology Referrals for Neutropenia at an Urban Safety-Net Hospital.Advances in hematology · 2025Article
- The Duffy Null Phenotype - Addressing a Source of Discrimination in Cancer Care.The New England journal of medicine · 2024Article
- Cancer Trial Eligibility and Therapy Modifications for Individuals With Duffy Null-Associated Neutrophil Count.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Disparities in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: recommendations from an interprofessional consensus panel.Blood cancer journal · 2024Review
- Clinical and immunological features in ACKR1/DARC-associated neutropenia.Blood advances · 2024Article
- White blood cell ranges and frequency of neutropenia by Duffy genotype status.Blood advances · 2023Article
- Absolute neutrophil count by Duffy status among healthy Black and African American adults.Blood advances · 2023Article
- Ancestry,Lupus science & medicine · 2022Article
- Race, Genotype, and Azathioprine Discontinuation : A Cohort Study.Annals of internal medicine · 2022Article
- Frequency of benign neutropenia among Black versus White individuals undergoing a bone marrow assessment.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022Article
- Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of the Plasma Proteome in Black Adults Provides Novel Insights Into Cardiovascular Disease.Circulation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Many medical treatments, from oncology to psychiatry, can lower white blood cell counts and thus access to these treatments can be restricted to individuals with normal levels of white blood cells, principally in order to minimize risk of serious infection. This adversely affects individuals of African or Middle Eastern ancestries who have on average a reduced number of circulating white blood cells, because of the Duffy-null (CC) genotype at rs2814778 in the ACKR1 gene. Here, we investigate whether the Duffy-null genotype is associated with the risk of infection using the UK Biobank sample and the iPSYCH Danish case-cohort study, two population-based samples from different countries and age ranges. We found that a high proportion of those with the Duffy-null genotype (21%) had a neutrophil count below the threshold often used as a cut-off for access to relevant treatments, compared with 1% of those with the TC/TT genotype. In addition we found that despite its strong association with lower average neutrophil counts, the Duffy-null genotype was not associated with an increased risk of infection, viral or bacterial. These results have widespread implications for the clinical treatment of individuals of African ancestry and indicate that neutrophil thresholds to access treatments could be lowered in individuals with the Duffy-null genotype without an increased risk of infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.