ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2021
Age-Related Hearing Loss, Late-Life Depression, and Risk for Incident Dementia in Older Adults.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Suicidality in Individuals With Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Pooled it
- The validity of visual and hearing impairment in predicting dementia and cognitive impairment in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Association between age-related hearing loss and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Does social isolation mediate the association between hearing loss and cognition in adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of age-related hearing loss on structural neuroanatomy: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Hearing Loss and Dementia: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- A precision medicine tool to understand who responds best to hearing aids in late-life depression.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Hearing Rehabilitative Treatment for Older Adults With Comorbid Hearing Loss and Depression: Effects on Depressive Symptoms and Executive Function.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Relationship Between Age, Auditory Performance, and Quality of Life in Middle-Aged and Older Cochlear Implant Users.Journal of the American Academy of Audiology · 2026Article
- Interpreting higher-order dependence in multimorbidity using cohort data: A partial information decomposition approach.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Impact of Cochlear Implantation on Cognitive Outcomes in Older Adults: A 5-Year Follow-Up.Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2026Article
- Hearing Loss, Brain Structure, Cognition, and Dementia Risk in the Framingham Heart Study.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Temporal dynamics in the association between depression and dementia: an umbrella review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- The Association Between Hearing Loss and Depression in a Large Electronic Health Record System.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Results from AD-HEARING (ADherence to and adjustment of HEARING aids in clinical routine care as preventive dementia strategy): a prospective 6-month follow-up study on cognition and psychological well-being.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- A cross-sectional study of how high-frequency hearing loss impacts cognitive functions in middle-aged-to-older adults.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Hearing loss, social isolation and depression in participants aged 50 years or over in Tasmania, Australia.Australasian journal on ageing · 2024Article
- Self-reported hearing loss is associated with faster cognitive and functional decline but not diagnostic conversion in the ADNI cohort.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Relationship between hearing impairment and dementia and cognitive function: a Mendelian randomization study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHearing loss (HL), late-life depression, and dementia are 3 prevalent and disabling conditions in older adults, but the interrelationships between these disorders remain poorly understood.
methodsN = 8529 participants ≥60 years who were free of cognitive impairment at baseline were analyzed from National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. Participants had either No HL, Untreated HL, or Treated HL. Primary outcomes included depression (15-item Geriatric Depression Scale ≥5) and conversion to dementia. A longitudinal logistic model was fit to examine the association between HL and changes in depressive symptoms across time. Two Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine HL and the development of dementia: Model A included only baseline variables and Model B included time-varying depression to evaluate for the direct effect of changes in depression on dementia over time.
resultsTreated HL (vs no HL) had increased risk for depression (odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-1.54, p = .02) and conversion to dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.03-1.62, p = .03). Baseline depression was a strong independent predictor of conversion to dementia (HR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.77-3.05, p < .0001). Development/persistence of depression over time was also associated with dementia (HR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.47-2.42, p < .0001), but only accounted for 6% of the direct hearing-dementia relationship (Model A logHR = 0.26 [SE = 0.12] to Model B logHR = 0.24 [SE = 0.12]) suggesting no significant mediation effect of depression.
conclusionsBoth HL and depression are independent risk factors for eventual conversion to dementia. Further understanding the mechanisms linking these later-life disorders may identify targets for early interventions to alter the clinical trajectories of at-risk individuals.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.