ArticleMicromachines2020
A Tumbling Magnetic Microrobot System for Biomedical Applications.
Article in Micromachines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of pH-Dependent Magnetically Actuated Millirobot for Colon-Targeted Delivery of Diverse Drug Types.Micromachines · 2026Article
- Generalized Direct Fabrication of Embedded-Magnet Microrobots with Enhanced Material Compatibility.Research square · 2026Article
- Generalized direct fabrication of embedded-magnet microrobots with enhanced material compatibility.Journal of micro-bio robotics · 2026Article
- A flexible automated magnetic microrobot assembly system.Journal of micro-bio robotics · 2026Article
- Novel design of 3D printed tumbling microrobots for in vivo targeted drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Permanent magnetic droplet-derived microrobots.Science advances · 2025Article
- Propulsion Mechanisms in Magnetic Microrobotics: From Single Microrobots to Swarms.Micromachines · 2025Review
- Ex vivo validation of magnetically actuated intravascular untethered robots in a clinical setting.Communications engineering · 2024Article
- Inductive sensing of magnetic microrobots under actuation by rotating magnetic fields.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Navigation and Control of Motion Modes with Soft Microrobots at Low Reynolds Numbers.Micromachines · 2023Article
- Article
- An Insect-Inspired Terrains-Adaptive Soft Millirobot with Multimodal Locomotion and Transportation Capability.Micromachines · 2022Article
- Dynamic tracking of a magnetic micro-roller using ultrasound phase analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Evolving from Laboratory Toys towards Life-Savers: Small-Scale Magnetic Robotic Systems with Medical Imaging Modalities.Micromachines · 2021Review
- A Review of Microrobot's System: Towards System Integration for Autonomous Actuation In Vivo.Micromachines · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A microrobot system comprising an untethered tumbling magnetic microrobot, a two-degree-of-freedom rotating permanent magnet, and an ultrasound imaging system has been developed for in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications. The microrobot tumbles end-over-end in a net forward motion due to applied magnetic torque from the rotating magnet. By turning the rotational axis of the magnet, two-dimensional directional control is possible and the microrobot was steered along various trajectories, including a circular path and P-shaped path. The microrobot is capable of moving over the unstructured terrain within a murine colon in in vitro, in situ, and in vivo conditions, as well as a porcine colon in ex vivo conditions. High-frequency ultrasound imaging allows for real-time determination of the microrobot's position while it is optically occluded by animal tissue. When coated with a fluorescein payload, the microrobot was shown to release the majority of the payload over a 1-h time period in phosphate-buffered saline. Cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that the microrobot's constituent materials, SU-8 and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), did not show a statistically significant difference in toxicity to murine fibroblasts from the negative control, even when the materials were doped with magnetic neodymium microparticles. The microrobot system's capabilities make it promising for targeted drug delivery and other in vivo biomedical applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.