ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2021
CRISPR-Cas9-Edited Tacrolimus-Resistant Antiviral T Cells for Advanced Adoptive Immunotherapy in Transplant Recipients.
Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Next-generation LMP2A-targeting TCR-recombinant T cells with inducible IL-18 expression to treat EBV-associated malignancies.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Engineering CAR T Cells for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence after Liver Transplantation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Clinical development of tacrolimus-resistant regulatory T cells to enable simultaneous immunosuppression and immune regulation.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients: immunological principles and intervention strategies.American journal of translational research · 2026Review
- Engineering human Tregs to resist tacrolimus via FKBP12 gene editing.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Effects of CRISPR-Cas9-mediatedMolecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- Managing allorejection in off-the-shelf CAR-engineered cell therapies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Gene editing of CD3 epsilon to redirect regulatory T cells for adoptive T cell transfer.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Depletion of alloreactive B cells by drug-resistant chimeric alloantigen receptor T cells to prevent transplant rejection.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Harnessing the biology of regulatory T cells to treat disease.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2025Review
- Tolerance Induction Strategies in Organ Transplantation: Current Status and Future Perspectives.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- Multiplex engineering and multifunction T cells for precise and effective immunotherapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- T-regulatory cells for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immunosuppressant therapy averts rejection of allogeneic FKBP1A-disrupted CAR-T cells.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Engineering a solution for allogeneic CAR-T rejection.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Effector memory-type regulatory T cells display phenotypic and functional instability.Science advances · 2024Article
- Engineering immune-evasive allogeneic cellular immunotherapies.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Article
- Review of two immunosuppressants: tacrolimus and cyclosporine.Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons · 2023Review
- A method for polyclonal antigen-specific T cell-targeted genome editing (TarGET) for adoptive cell transfer applications.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Viral infections, such as with cytomegalovirus (CMV), remain a major risk factor for mortality and morbidity of transplant recipients because of their requirement for lifelong immunosuppression (IS). Antiviral drugs often cause toxicity and sometimes fail to control disease. Thus, regeneration of the antiviral immune response by adoptive antiviral T cell therapy is an attractive alternative. Our recent data, however, show only short-term efficacy in some solid organ recipients, possibly because of malfunction in transferred T cells caused by ongoing IS. We developed a vector-free clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9-based good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant protocol that efficiently targets and knocks out the gene for the adaptor protein FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12), required for the immunosuppressive function of tacrolimus. This was achieved by transient delivery of ribonucleoprotein complexes into CMV-specific T cells by electroporation. We confirmed the tacrolimus resistance of our gene-edited T cell products in vitro and demonstrated performance comparable with non-tacrolimus-treated unmodified T cells. The alternative calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine A can be administered as a safety switch to shut down tacrolimus-resistant T cell activity in case of adverse effects. Furthermore, we performed safety assessments as a prerequisite for translation to first-in-human applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.