Observational studyJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2020
COVID-19 Pandemic in Assisted Living Communities: Results from Seven States.
Observational study in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of long-term care facility characteristics associated with COVID-19 outcomes.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2021Pooled it
- Non-pharmacological measures implemented in the setting of long-term care facilities to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections and their consequences: a rapid review.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- User-Generated Google Maps Ratings, State Staffing and Training Regulations, and the Quality of Hospice Care in Assisted Living Communities.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- A Mixed-Methods Study of End-of-Life Care in Assisted Living During the COVID-19 Pandemic: National Survey of Administrators and In-Depth Interviews With Bereaved Next of Kin.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2026Article
- Exacerbation of racial disparities in COVID-19 outcomes by Alzheimer's disease and related dementias among nursing home residents.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Vaccination Rates Among Long-Term Care Staff During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2025Article
- Place-Based Disparities Among Nursing Homes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review.Health equity · 2025Review
- Survival Impact of an On-Site Medicalization Program in the Control of COVID-19 Outbreaks in 11 Nursing Homes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The Effect of COVID-19 on Dual-Eligible Beneficiaries: A Scoping Review.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2023Article
- Excess Mortality Among Assisted Living Residents With Dementia During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2022Article
- Social Isolation and Nursing Leadership in Long-Term Care: Moving Forward After COVID-19.The Nursing clinics of North America · 2022Review
- Heterogeneity and Risk of Bias in Studies Examining Risk Factors for Severe Illness and Death in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 in assisted living: Mortality and asymptomatic infection.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2022Article
- State Medicaid Financing and Access to Large Assisted Living Settings for Medicare-Medicaid Dual-Eligibles.Medical care research and review : MCRR · 2022Article
- The Imperative to Reimagine Assisted Living.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2022Article
- State social distancing restrictions and nursing home outcomes.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The evolution of the human healthcare system and implications for understanding our responses to COVID-19.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2022Review
- Stay-at-home and face mask policy intentions inconsistent with incidence and fatality during the US COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in Long-Term Care Facilities in Tennessee.International journal of nursing and health care research · 2022Article
- Epidemiology and clinical features of COVID-19 outbreaks in aged care facilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo describe variations in COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths among assisted living (AL) residents and examine their associations with key AL characteristics.
designObservational study employing data on confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths in ALs from seven states, through May 29, 2020.
settingInformation on COVID-19 cases/deaths in ALs was obtained from state government websites. A national inventory of ALs was used to identify communities with and without COVID-19 cases/deaths. Medicare Beneficiary Summary File identifying AL residents was employed to develop AL characteristics. County-level COVID-19 laboratory-confirmed cases/deaths were obtained from publicly available data.
participantsWe found 4,865 ALs (2,647 COVID-19 cases and 777 deaths) in the seven states. After excluding missing data, the sample consisted of 3,994 ALs (82.1%) with 2,542 cases (96.0%) and 675 deaths (86.9%). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Outcomes were AL-level counts of cases and deaths. Covariates were AL characteristics and county-level confirmed COVID-19 cases/deaths. Multivariable two-part models determined the associations of independent variables with the likelihood of at least one case and death in the AL, and with the count of cases (deaths).
resultsState case fatality ranged from 3.32% in North Carolina to 9.26% in Connecticut, but for ALs in these states it was 12.89% and 31.59%, respectively. Among ALs with at least one case, midsize communities had fewer cases (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.829; P = .004) than small ALs. ALs with higher proportions of racial/ethnic minorities had more COVID-19 cases (IRR = 1.08; P < .001), as did communities with higher proportions of residents with dementia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and obesity. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: ALs with a higher proportion of minorities had more COVID-19 cases. Many of the previously identified individual risk factors are also present in this vulnerable population. The impact of COVID-19 on ALs is as critical as that on nursing homes, and is worth equal attention from policy makers.
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Registered trials
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