ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2020
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Infections and Deaths Across U.S. Nursing Homes.
Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of long-term care facility characteristics associated with COVID-19 outcomes.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2021Pooled it
- Pragmatic Implementation of a Music Intervention in Nursing Homes Before and During COVID-19.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2024Trial
- Caregiver Availability and Racial Differences in End-Of-Life Care Quality: Evidence From the National Health and Aging Trends Study 2017-2024.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- Operating Ethnicity-Focused Senior Long-Term Care Homes in Ontario, Canada During the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Exacerbation of racial disparities in COVID-19 outcomes by Alzheimer's disease and related dementias among nursing home residents.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- COVID-19 Factors Associated With Medication Changes Among Nursing Home Residents With Dementia.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2026Article
- Methods for studying health disparities in U.S. nursing homes: a scoping review.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Place-Based Disparities Among Nursing Homes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review.Health equity · 2025Review
- Predictors of COVID-19 infection and hospitalization in group homes for individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities.Disability and health journal · 2024Article
- Factors influencing long-term care facility performance during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Staffing Levels in Philadelphia Nursing Homes: Disparities Based on the Racial Composition of Geographical Areas.Policy, politics & nursing practice · 2024Article
- Drivers of COVID-19 Outcomes in Long-Term Care Facilities Using Multi-Level Analysis: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Environmental and structural factors driving poor quality of care: An examination of nursing homes serving Black residents.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023Observational
- Nursing Home to Nursing Home Transfers during the Early COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2023Article
- When even two is a crowd: shared nursing home rooms and the risk of respiratory infection outbreaks.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2023Article
- Clinical presentation of COVID-19 and association with outcomes among hospitalized older adults.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023Article
- Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect the Use of Antipsychotics Among Nursing Home Residents With ADRD?The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2023Observational
- Best practices to reduce COVID-19 in group homes for individuals with serious mental illness and intellectual and developmental disabilities: Protocol for a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2023Article
- Neither Race nor Ethnicity Impact the Mortality of Residents of Veterans Affairs Community Living Center With COVID-19.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2023Article
- How race, sex and age interact in association with COVID-19 outcomes over time: An analysis of Michigan data.PloS one · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesTo determine racial/ethnic disparities in weekly counts of new COVID-19 cases and deaths among nursing home residents or staff.
designCross-sectional analysis of national nursing home COVID-19 reports linked to other data. Multivariable two-part models modeled disparities in count of cases or deaths, and logistic regressions modeled disparities in self-reported shortages in staff and personal protective equipment (PPE), across nursing home groups with varying proportions of racial/ethnic minority residents, defined as low-, medium-, medium-high-, and high-proportion groups.
settingA total of 12,576 nursing homes nationally.
participantsNone.
interventionNone. MEASUREMENTS: Numbers of incident COVID-19 confirmed cases among residents and staff, and incident COVID-19 related deaths among residents (primary outcomes); and nursing home reported shortages in staff and PPE (secondary outcomes). All outcomes were reported for the week of May 25, 2020.
resultsThe number of weekly new COVID-19 confirmed cases among residents ranged from an average of 0.4 cases per facility (standard deviation (SD) = 2.5) for the low-proportion group (93.0% had zero new cases) to 1.5 cases per facility (SD = 6.3) for the high-proportion group (78.9% had zero new cases). Multivariable regression estimated that compared with the low-proportion group, the likelihood of having at least one new resident case was 76% higher (odds ratio = 1.76; 95% confidence interval = 1.38-2.25; P = .000) for the high-proportion group. Similar across-facility disparities were found for the weekly count of new COVID-19 deaths among residents (ranging from 0.1 deaths per facility (SD = 1.1) for the low-proportion group to 0.4 deaths (SD = 2.0) for the high-proportion group) and in the weekly count of new COVID-19 confirmed cases among staff (ranging from 0.3 cases (SD = 1.4] to 1.3 cases (SD = 4.4) per facility). No substantial disparities in self-reported shortages of staff or PPE were found.
conclusionNursing homes caring for disproportionately more racial/ethnic minority residents reported more weekly new COVID-19 confirmed cases and/or deaths. Immediate actions are needed to address these system-level disparities.
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Registered trials
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