ArticleGlobal spine journal2022
Spinal Surgery Site Infection Leading to Implant Loosening Is Influenced by the Number of Prior Operations.
Article in Global spine journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for pedicle screw loosening: a comprehensive review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Advancements in Nanotechnology for Spinal Surgery: Innovations in Spinal Fixation Devices for Enhanced Biomechanical Performance and Osteointegration.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- An Extended Follow-up of Spinal Instrumentation Rescue with Cement Augmentation.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2024Article
- Prediction models for risk assessment of surgical site infection after spinal surgery: A systematic review.North American Spine Society journal · 2024Review
- Development and validation of a large animal ovine model for implant-associated spine infection using biofilm based inocula.Biofilm · 2023Article
- A novel rodent model of chronic spinal implant-associated infection.The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
designRetrospective Cohort Study.
objectivesSpinal surgery site infection and chronic implant infection are possible causes for ongoing pain, implant loosening, and failed back surgery syndrome. Evidence of chronic infection was found in 29.1% of revision cases but is also found in a considerable number of degenerative cases without prior surgery. Infection mechanisms and possible clinical correlations are unclear.
methodsRetrospective analysis of standardized surgery site screening (swab, tissue samples, implant sonication) in 181 cases without clinical evidence of preoperative surgery site infection.
resultsScreening results of cases without prior spinal surgery (n = 49, 10.2% positive) were compared to cases with prior spine surgery without implant placement (e.g. micro discectomy) (n = 21, 23.8% positive), revision cases following singular spinal fusion (n = 73, 23.2% positive), and cases with multiple revisions (n = 38, 50.0% positive). Propionibacterium spp. detection rate increased to 80% in positive cases with multiple revisions. Implants in place during revision surgery had a significantly higher infection rate (32.4%) compared to no implant (14.2%,
conclusionsPrevious spinal surgery is a risk factor for chronic surgery site infection, leading to chronic pain, implant loosening, and revision. The presence of Propionibacterium spp. was correlated with chronic implant loosening and was more likely with cumulative surgeries.
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Registered trials
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