ArticleCancer2020
Breast cancer treatment delays by socioeconomic and health care access latent classes in Black and White women.
Article in Cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ethnoracial disparities in breast cancer treatment time and survival: a systematic review with a DAG-based causal model.Epidemiologic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Socioeconomic factors impacting treatment delays in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review.Cadernos de saude publica · 2025Pooled it
- Racial Differences in Breast Cancer Survival Between Black and White Women According to Tumor Subtype: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Racial Disparity in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: Risk-Predictive and Actionable Biomarkers for Early Intervention.Cancers · 2026Review
- Racial disparities and utilization trends of first-line targeted therapies for metastatic breast cancer.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2026Article
- The impact of social drivers of health on delayed time to breast cancer surgery.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Disparities in Disease Presentation and Treatment Initiation for De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Zip-Code Level Disadvantage as a Predictor of Metastatic Breast Cancer at Diagnosis and Delayed Treatment Initiation.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- The relationship of race/ethnicity and age with medical financial hardship for cancer survivors in the United States.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Supporting Black breast cancer survivors and their informal caregivers: a qualitative dyadic analysis of intervention preferences.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2026Article
- Connecting algorithmic fairness and fair outcomes in a sociotechnical simulation case study of AI-assisted healthcare.Nature communications · 2025Article
- County-level socioeconomic status, rurality, and second primary cancer risk among breast cancer survivors in the United States.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic disparities impacting breast cancer care and survival in Iran.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between travel burden and surgical timeliness for women with breast cancer in Georgia.American journal of surgery · 2025Article
- Bridging the gap: ctDNA, genomics, and equity in breast cancer care.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Review
- A Society-to-Cells approach to evaluating multilevel and interrelated drivers of breast cancer disparities in Black women.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Review
- Unmet needs among long-term breast cancer survivors.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Inequality in Female Breast Cancer Relative Survival Rates between White and Black Women in the United States.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Applying a Novel Measure of Community-Level Healthcare Access to Assess Breast Cancer Care Timeliness.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer mortality is higher for Black and younger women. This study evaluated 2 possible contributors to disparities-time to treatment and treatment duration-by race and age.
methodsAmong 2841 participants with stage I-III disease in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, we identified groups of women with similar patterns of socioeconomic status (SES), access to care, and tumor characteristics using latent class analysis. We then evaluated latent classes in association with treatment delay (initiation >60 days after diagnosis) and treatment duration (in quartiles by treatment modality).
resultsThirty-two percent of younger Black women were in the highest quartile of treatment duration (versus 22% of younger White women). Black women experienced a higher frequency of delayed treatment (adjusted relative frequency difference [RFD], 5.5% [95% CI, 3.2%-7.8%]) and prolonged treatment duration (RFD, 8.8% [95% CI, 5.7%-12.0%]). Low SES was significantly associated with treatment delay among White women (RFD, 3.5% [95% CI, 1.1%-5.9%]), but treatment delay was high at all levels of SES in Black women (eg, 11.7% in high SES Black women compared with 10.6% and 6.7% among low and high SES White women, respectively). Neither SES nor access to care classes were significantly associated with delayed initiation among Black women, but both low SES and more barriers were associated with treatment duration across both groups.
conclusionsFactors that influence treatment timeliness persist throughout the care continuum, with prolonged treatment duration being a sensitive indicator of differences by race, SES, and care barriers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.