ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2021
Sleep variability, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, and diabetic retinopathy.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multidimensional sleep health and diabetic retinopathy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep medicine reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Meta-Analysis of Relationship of Sleep Quality and Duration With Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) vs sleep hygiene education group therapy (SHE) in management of sleep disorders among elderly.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and High Consumption of Tryptophan-Rich Foods Show Increased Levels of 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin in Urine.Journal of pregnancy · 2026Article
- Association of Poor Quality of Sleep with Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy: A Matched Case-Control Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2023Article
- Effects of Melatonin on Diabetic Neuropathy and Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Investigation on the expression regulation of RIPK1/RIPK3 in the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) cultured in high glucose.Bioengineered · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeRecent evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy (DR) is associated with abnormal melatonin regulation, possibly related to dysfunction of the melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. This study explored melatonin regulation in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with DR and its relation to sleep and circadian functioning.
methodsThirty-five participants (10 non-diabetic controls, 10 T2D without DR, and 15 T2D with DR) were recruited. Overnight urine 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) and objective sleep and wrist activity (7-day actigraphy) were obtained.
resultsAfter adjusting for covariates, having T2D with DR was significantly associated with lower urinary aMT6s (β = - 1.369, p = 0.004) compared with controls, while having T2D without DR was not (p = 0.418). T2D patients with DR reported poorer sleep quality (p = 0.014) and had greater variability of sleep duration (p = 0.017) than others, while no differences were found in sleep duration, efficiency, and rest-activity rhythm. After adjusting for covariates, lower nocturnal aMT6s was significantly associated with greater sleep variability.
conclusionT2D patients with DR exhibited low overnight production of aMT6s which likely contributed to sleep irregularities possibly due to weak circadian signaling. Whether or not melatonin supplementation could improve health in T2D patients with DR remains to be explored.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.