ArticleSleep medicine2020
Sleep disturbances, fear, and generalized anxiety during the COVID-19 shut down phase in Germany: relation to infection rates, deaths, and German stock index DAX.
Article in Sleep medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in sleep quality and sleep disturbances in the general population from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Sleep Disturbance and Its Association With Purchasing Behavior of COVID-19 Medicine Among the Public After the Adjustment of Zero-COVID Policy in China: Results From a Web-Based Survey Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Obesity: Overlapping Neuroendocrine, Metabolic, and Behavioral Pathways.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Article
- Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of new fear of the coronavirus questionnaire.Medicine · 2024Article
- Unveiling Coronasomnia: Pandemic Stress and Sleep Problems During the COVID-19 Outbreak.Nature and science of sleep · 2024Review
- Exposure to the COVID-19 news on social media and consequent psychological distress and potential behavioral change.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Coronavirus Anxiety Level and COVID-19 Vaccine Attitude Among Patients With Hematological Malignancies.Cureus · 2023Article
- Psychological Burden during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Female Caregivers of Preterm versus Term Born Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Direct and spillover portfolio effects of COVID-19.Research in international business and finance · 2023Article
- Risk Perception of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Influencing Factors and Implications for Environmental Health Crises.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Pandemic-activated psychological growth: significance of extraversion, self-consciousness and COVID-19 related anxiety.Current issues in personality psychology · 2023Article
- Different facets of COVID-19-related stress in relation to emotional well-being, life satisfaction, and sleep quality.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Alcohol use during COVID-19 pandemic on the long run: findings from a longitudinal study in Germany.BMC psychology · 2022Article
- Worries about inadequate medical treatment in case of a COVID-19 infection: the role of social inequalities, COVID-19 prevalence and healthcare infrastructure.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Increased sleep duration and delayed sleep timing during the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- South Korean validation of the COVID-related-PTSD scale in a non-clinical sample exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC psychology · 2022Article
- Increased Safety Behavior and COVID-19-Related Fear in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis during the Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Dynamic co-movements of COVID-19 pandemic anxieties and stock market returns.Finance research letters · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic impacts the whole world. So far, nothing is known about the course of psychological disturbances, such as fear, anxiety, and sleep disturbances of this pandemic over time in Europe.
methodsAim of this web-based survey was to assess the mental health burden of the German public over a period of 50 days after the COVID-19 outbreak. 16,245 individuals responded regarding sleep disturbances, COVID-19-fear, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7). Data were put in relation to infection rates, number of deaths and the German stock index.
resultsThe specific fear increased rapidly in concordance with infection numbers. However, no relation to the number of deaths was found, COVID-19-fear developed reversed to the stock index. Initially, 13.5% of the respondents reported a reduced sleep quality, and 7.2% a moderate generalized anxiety; proceeding simultaneously with high peaks. Finally, more than twice as many respondents showed psychological burdens.
conclusionThe COVID-19-fear decreased within six weeks to the level before the shutdown, indicating a habituation to the threatening situation. However, generalized anxiety remained elevated over time. Sleep disturbances, generalized anxiety as well as economical stock alterations develop in advance to infectiological trends which demands consequent and comprehensible information policies.
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