ReviewTrends in biotechnology2021
Enhancing Biopolymer Hydrogel Functionality through Interpenetrating Networks.
Review in Trends in biotechnology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed.
- In Situ Photo‑Crosslinked Functional Bilayer Hydrogel Modulates Local Microenvironment and Remyelination After Optic Nerve Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Hydrogel-Based Mechanical Sensors for Sleep Respiratory Monitoring: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Research Progress on Antibacterial Strategies of pH-Responsive Hydrogel Dressings in Chronic Wound Management.Macromolecular bioscience · 2026Review
- Multifunctional Hydrogels in Sustainable Agriculture: Structure Design, Application and Future Challenges.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- C-Phycocyanin-Derived Peptide-Conjugated, Chemically Crosslinked Chitosan/Carrageenan Hydrogels for Myoblast Cultivation in Reduced Serum Conditions.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Development and performance evaluation of macropore intelligent plugging hydrogels.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Dual-Stimuli Injectable Platforms for Localized Breast Cancer Therapy.Nano letters · 2026Review
- Article
- Adhesive κ-Carrageenan Hydrogels by Polyphenol Intervention.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Transdermal Delivery of Sonidegib via Iontophoresis from PEDOT:PSS/Gelatin Hydrogels for Basal Cell Carcinoma Skin Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Seeing through collagen: integrative pro-regenerative corneal implants for clearer future.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2026Review
- Hydrogels-Advanced Polymer Platforms for Drug Delivery.Polymers · 2026Review
- Interpenetrating gelatin/sodium alginate hydrogel with controlled PRP lysate delivery for accelerating diabetic wound healing with reduced scarring.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Blended and Microparticle Composite Hyaluronan Hydrogels with Programmable Degradation through Selective Oxidation.ACS polymers Au · 2026Article
- Matrix influence of collagen: fibrin interpenetrating hydrogels on microvascular networks and osteogenesis.Biomaterials advances · 2026Article
- Mussel-Bioinspired Edible CaAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Emerging stimuli-responsive hydrogels for enhancing chronic wound healing.RSC applied polymers · 2026Review
- Rational Design of Mechanically Optimized Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Photocrosslinked dual-network hydrogel for sutureless corneal stromal lenticule lmplantation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Biopolymer Hydrogel-Based Nanocomposites Functionalized with Natural Products for Wound Dressings: Translational Advances in Drug Design, Development, and Therapeutic Wound Care.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Traditional hydrogels are strong candidates for biomedical applications; however, they may suffer from drawbacks such as weak mechanics, static properties, and an inability to fully replicate aspects of the cellular microenvironment. These challenges can be addressed through the incorporation of second networks to form interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels. The objective of this review is to establish clear trends on the enhanced functionality achieved by incorporating secondary networks into traditional, biopolymer-based hydrogels. These include mechanical reinforcement, 'smart' systems that respond to external stimuli, and the ability to tune cell-material interactions. Through attention to network structure and chemistry, IPN hydrogels may advance to meet challenging criteria for a wide range of biomedical fields.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.