ArticleAddictive behaviors2021
Cannabis use and sleep: Expectations, outcomes, and the role of age.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep quality of adult recreational cannabis users: a systematic review of literature.Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy · 2025Pooled it
- Investigating the Relationship Between Cannabis Expectancies and Anxiety, Depression, and Pain Responses After Acute Flower and Edible Cannabis Use.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2025Trial
- Cannabis use as a moderator of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Trial
- Sleep time differs among people who co-use cocaine and cannabis compared to people who only use cocaine.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2021Trial
- Beyond cannabis use severity: associations of cannabis product type with sleep quality and mental health.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Real-world quality of life and sleep outcomes in patients treated with THC- and CBD-richFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Joint Relations Among Cannabis, Sleep, and Affective Symptomatology: A Scoping Review.Current addiction reports · 2026Review
- Changes in sleep quality during the 12 months following medical cannabis initiation.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Article
- Sleep quality and duration following the use and co-use of alcohol and cannabis in the daily life of community adults.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Dynamic associations between cannabis use and sleep in adolescents and young adults during a cannabis intervention trial.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025Article
- Perceptions of cannabis among adults aged 60 years and older in Canada: a qualitative study.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2025Article
- Real-Time Antecedents of Young Adults' Vaping and Co-Vaping of Nicotine and Cannabis: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- The impact of cannabis use on ageing and longevity: a systematic review of research insights.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Review
- Sleep quality and duration as predictors of alcohol and cannabis use motives in daily life.Addictive behaviors · 2025Article
- Cannabis use and sleep problems among young adults by mental health status: A prospective cohort study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- UK Medical Cannabis Registry: A clinical outcomes analysis for insomnia.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
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- Evaluation of long-term safety profile of an EU-GMP certifiedFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- The Interplay of Sleep Quality, Mental Health, and Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors among Italian College Freshmen.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesDetermine relationship between cannabis use with 1) expectations of cannabis being a sleep aid, 2) subjective sleep outcomes, and 3) the influence of age on these relationships.
methodsIn 152 moderate cannabis users with a wide age range (67% female, mean age = 31.45, SD = 12.96, age range = 21-70; mean days of cannabis use in prior two weeks = 5.54, SD = 5.25) we examined the influence of cannabis use history and behaviors on expectations of cannabis being a sleep aid and sleep outcomes via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Moderation analysis examined the role of age in the relationship between cannabis use and sleep outcomes.
resultsEndorsing current cannabis use and more days of cannabis use were associated with increased expectations that cannabis use improves sleep (all β > 0.03, p < 0.04). Frequency of recent use and reported average THC or CBD concentration were largely not associated with sleep outcomes. However, endorsing current cannabis use was associated with worse subjective sleep quality (β = 1.34, p = 0.02) and increased frequency of consuming edibles was associated with worse subjective sleep efficiency (β = 0.03, p = 0.04), lower sleep duration (β = 0.03, p = 0.01), and higher global PSQI scores (worse overall sleep) (β = 0.10, p = 0.01). Additionally, age had a moderating influence on the relationship between increased self-reported concentration of CBD and both better sleep duration and sleep quality (both p < 0.03). While the main effects of cannabis use on sleep outcomes did not survive multiple comparisons correction test (all p adj > 0.34), the adjusted p values for the main effects of cannabis behaviors/history on expectations of cannabis as a sleep aid (p adj = 0.07-0.09) and the main effects of CBD concentration on sleep duration (p adj = 0.08), as well as the interaction terms of CBD and age for that model (p adj = 0.07), were trending.
conclusionCannabis users have increased expectations of cannabis being a sleep aid, but few associations existed between cannabis use and sleep outcomes. The two exceptions were endorsing any cannabis use and frequency of edible use. Additionally, age may be an important moderator of the potential positive influence CBD concentration can have on sleep.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.