ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2020
Determinants of suboptimal CD4
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune reconstitution efficacy and the risk factors of immune non-responsiveness after combined antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 positive MSM and heterosexual population - a prospective cohort study.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Immune reconstitution efficacy and associated risk factors for immunological non-response in people living with HIV during long-term antiretroviral therapy: a single-center retrospective cohort study at a tertiary care hospital in China.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Incidence and predictors of mortality among persons with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in Mozambique.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Predictors of Tuberculous Meningitis Mortality Among Persons with HIV in Mozambique.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- A Multistate Continuous Time-Inhomogeneous Markov Model for Assessing the CD4 Count Dynamics of HIV/AIDS Patients Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Association of HIV low-level viremia with CD4 count recovery among persons living with HIV during antiretroviral therapy in Dehong Prefecture, Southwest China in 2008-2021: a longitudinal study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Sero-prevalence of cryptococcal antigen and its immune-virological correlates in HIV-1 positive individuals: a prospective cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Recent advances in poor HIV immune reconstitution: what will the future look like?Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Evaluation of Clinical Biomarkers Related to CD4 Recovery in HIV-Infected Patients-5-Year Observation.Viruses · 2022Article
- Determinants of suboptimal immune recovery among a Chinese Yi ethnicity population with sustained HIV suppression.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Safety and Immunogenicity of Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccines Among People Living with HIV in China.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Evaluation of antiretroviral therapy effect and prognosis between HIV-1 recent and long-term infection based on a rapid recent infection testing algorithm.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Abrupt and altered cell-type specific DNA methylation profiles in blood during acute HIV infection persists despite prompt initiation of ART.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Diminished Peripheral CD29hi Cytotoxic CD4+ T Cells Are Associated With Deleterious Effects During SIV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Determinants of suboptimal CD4Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionUp to 30% of individuals treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) during chronic HIV fail to recover CD4 counts to >500 cells/mm
methodsParticipants who started ART in Fiebig I to V AHI with ≥48 weeks of continuous documented HIV-RNA < 50 copies/mL were stratified by CD4 count at latest study visit to suboptimal immune recovery (SIR; CD4 < 350 cells/mm
resultsOf 304 participants (96% male, median 26 years old) evaluated after median 144 (range 60 to 420) weeks of ART initiated at median 19 days (range 1 to 62) post-exposure, 3.6% (n = 11) had SIR and 14.5% (n = 44) had IIR. Pre-ART CD4 count in SIR compared to CIR participants was 265 versus 411 cells/mm
conclusionsDespite immediate and sustained treatment in AHI, suboptimal CD4 recovery occurs uncommonly and is associated with low pre-ART CD4 count as well as persistent low CD8 count and CD4/CD8 ratio during treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.