ReviewCytokine & growth factor reviews2021
Glycogen synthase kinase-3: A putative target to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic.
Review in Cytokine & growth factor reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- CMGC Kinases in Viral Infection and Human Disease.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- PLOD2 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells via PI3K-AKT-GSK3β signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Downregulation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta by Urtica dioica L. Contributes to Neuroprotection Against Aluminum Chloride-Mediated Neurotoxicity in Zebrafish Larvae.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Decoding the Role of Neurotrophins in Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3-Beta Regulation in Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Pre-infection liver function is associated with all-cause mortality among hemodialysis patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection.Renal failure · 2024Article
- Kinome and phosphoproteome reprogramming underlies the aberrant immune responses in critically ill COVID-19 patients.Clinical proteomics · 2024Article
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibition by CHIR99021 Promotes Alveolar Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Lung Regeneration in the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury Mouse Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Buckwheat tartary regulates the Gsk-3β/β-catenin pathway to prevent neurobehavioral impairments in a rat model of surgical menopause.Metabolic brain disease · 2023Article
- Repurposing clinically available drugs and therapies for pathogenic targets to combat SARS-CoV-2.MedComm · 2023Review
- A perspective study of the possible impact of obeticholic acid against SARS-CoV-2 infection.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Review
- Inosine: A broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory against SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced acute lung injury via suppressing TBK1 phosphorylation.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2023Article
- Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK3β) blocks nucleocapsid phosphorylation and SARS-CoV-2 replication.Molecular biomedicine · 2022Article
- Enzymes in the time of COVID-19: An overview about the effects in the human body, enzyme market, and perspectives for new drugs.Medicinal research reviews · 2022Review
- Recent clinical findings on the role of kinase inhibitors in COVID-19 management.Life sciences · 2022Review
- Angiotensin II Exaggerates SARS-CoV-2 Specific T-Cell Response in Convalescent Individuals following COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein triggers hyperinflammation via protein-protein interaction-mediated intracellular ClSignal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Article
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- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Host Factors Involved in Mental Disorders.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Comparing the Nucleocapsid Proteins of Human Coronaviruses: Structure, Immunoregulation, Vaccine, and Targeted Drug.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had turned out to be highly pathogenic and transmittable. Researchers throughout the globe are still struggling to understand this strain's aggressiveness in search of putative therapies for its control. Crosstalk between oxidative stress and systemic inflammation seems to support the progression of the infection. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (Gsk-3) is a conserved serine/threonine kinase that mainly participates in cell proliferation, development, stress, and inflammation in humans. Nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 is an important structural protein responsible for viral replication and interferes with the host defence mechanism by the help of Gsk-3 protein. The viral infected cells show activated Gsk-3 protein that degrades the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) protein, resulting in excessive oxidative stress. Activated Gsk-3 also modulates CREB-DNA activity, phosphorylates NF-κB, and degrades β-catenin, thus provokes systemic inflammation. Interaction between these two pathophysiological events, oxidative stress, and inflammation enhance mucous secretion, coagulation cascade, and hypoxia, which ultimately leads to multiple organs failure, resulting in the death of the infected patient. The present review aims to highlight the pathogenic role of Gsk-3 in viral replication, initiation of oxidative stress, and inflammation during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The review also summarizes the potential Gsk-3 pathway modulators as putative therapeutic interventions in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.