ArticleBMC public health2020
Disparities in physical fitness of 6-11-year-old children: the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lower Musculoskeletal Fitness Among Youth with Disabilities, Ages 6 to 15 Years.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic Status at Birth and Breast Tissue Composition in Adolescence and Adulthood.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023Article
- Single and Especially Multisport Participation May Increase Physical Fitness in Younger Americans.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Analysis on the Development and Influence of National Fitness Environment on Youth Basketball Coordination and Mental Health.Journal of environmental and public health · 2022Article
- Sports activity and changes in physical fitness of Polish children and adolescents: OSF study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChildren's physical fitness is an important predictor of metabolic health, physical function, and academic achievement. Although fitness is determined partially by heritable factors, it can be maintained and improved through regular physical activity. Because physical activity is known to vary by socioeconomic status, physical fitness may be expected to vary similarly. With this in mind, the purpose of this study was to examine disparities in physical fitness performance among a nationally-representative sample of 6-11 year-old children living in the United States.
methodsWe conducted secondary analysis of physical fitness data of children ages 6-11 years (n = 686) from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) Youth Fitness Survey (NNYFS) 2012. We estimated sex-stratified weighted means of four fitness performance tests: cardiorespiratory endurance, upper-, lower-, and core-muscular strength. The weighted mean for each fitness assessment was compared by income groups (federal income to poverty ratio - FIPR) accounting for complex sampling design and adjusting for age.
resultsIncome disparities in physical fitness performance were evident among girls but not among boys. Girls from lower income groups (< 130% FIPR and 130-349% FIPR groups) showed significantly lower cardiorespiratory endurance and core muscle strength compared to those from the highest income group (≥ 350% FIPR).
conclusionThese findings highlight the need to support health-promoting physical activity among girls from disadvantaged backgrounds prior to the adolescent period.
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