ArticleEuropean radiology2021
Quantitative susceptibility mapping shows lower brain iron content in children with autism.
Article in European radiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantitative susceptibility mapping in pediatric neuroimaging: a systematic review of applications and advancements.Pediatric radiology · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluation of Brain Microstructural Alterations in Preschool Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Voxel-Wise Multimodal MRI Study.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026Article
- Quantitative susceptibility mapping shows alterations of brain iron content in children with autism spectrum disorder: a whole-brain analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Improving quantitative susceptibility mapping for the identification of traumatic brain injury neurodegeneration at the individual level.Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik · 2025Article
- Metalomics Revealed that Changes of Serum Elements were Associated with Oxidative Stress-Induced Inflammation of Cortex in a Mouse Model of Autism.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Quantitative Assessment of Deep Gray Matter Susceptibility and Correlation With Cognition in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Application of eye and hand interventions in brain magnetic resonance imaging of young children.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Abnormality in Peripheral and Brain Iron Contents and the Relationship with Grey Matter Volumes in Major Depressive Disorder.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Restless sleep disorder in a sample of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: preliminary results from a case series.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2024Article
- Is iron depletion the only cause of motor restlessness in restless sleep presenting in autism spectrum disorder?Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2024Article
- Identification of Immune Infiltration and Iron Metabolism-Related Subgroups in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2024Article
- Quantitative susceptibility mapping shows lower brain iron content in children with childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes.Japanese journal of radiology · 2023Article
- Developmental coupling of brain iron and intrinsic activity in infants during the first 150 days.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2023Article
- Brain Iron Homeostasis and Mental Disorders.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Quantitative susceptibility mapping shows lower brain iron content in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Human brain mapping · 2022Article
- Brain Iron and Mental Health Symptoms in Youth with and without Prenatal Alcohol Exposure.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Analysis of deep grey nuclei susceptibility in early childhood: a quantitative susceptibility mapping and R2* study at 3 Tesla.Neuroradiology · 2022Article
- Are Essential Trace Elements Effective in Modulation of Mental Disorders? Update and Perspectives.Biological trace element research · 2022Review
- Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in children using conventional MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient based deep learning algorithms.European radiology · 2022Article
- Application of Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Autism in Children.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo explore the application of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of brain iron content in children with autism.
methodsFor the control group, 40 normal children aged 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, and 5-6 years were prospectively selected from June 2018 to December 2018, with equal numbers of males and females in each age group. For the study group, 40 children with autism aged 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, and 5-6 years were prospectively selected from January 2019 to October 2019; once again, there were equal numbers of males and females in each age group. All children received routine head MRI scans and enhanced T2*-weighted angiography (ESWAN) sequence scans, and the ESWAN sequence images were processed by software to obtain magnetic susceptibility maps. The regions of interest (ROIs) of the frontal white matter, frontal gray matter, thalamus, red nucleus, substantia nigra, dentate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen nucleus, caudate nucleus, pons, and splenium of the corpus callosum were selected, and the magnetic susceptibility values were measured. The differences in magnetic susceptibility between the two groups were compared in children at the same age.
resultsFor the children aged 2-3 years, the magnetic susceptibility values in the caudate nucleus, dentate nucleus, and splenium of the corpus callosum in the study group were lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). For the children aged 3-4, 4-5, and 5-6 years, the magnetic susceptibility values in the frontal white matter, caudate nucleus, red nucleus, substantia nigra, dentate nucleus, and splenium of the corpus callosum in the study group were lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05).
conclusionThe brain iron content of children with autism is lower than that of normal children.
trial registrationThis study protocol was registered at the Chinese clinical trial registry (registration number: ChiCTR2000029699; http://www.chictr.org.cn/searchprojen.aspx ). KEY POINTS: • In this study, the brain iron content of normal children and children with autism was compared to identify the differences, which provided a new objective basis for the early diagnosis of children with autism. • This study examined the iron content values in various brain regions of normal children aged 2-6 years in this region and established a reference range for iron content in various brain regions of normal children in one geographical area, providing a reliable and objective standard for the diagnosis and treatment of some brain diseases in children. • The results of this study indicate that the brain iron content of preschool children with autism is lower than that of normal preschool children.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.