Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32945619›Full record

ArticleCancer medicine2020

A risk stratification model for predicting brain metastasis and brain screening benefit in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

Mingxi Lin, Yizi Jin, Jia Jin, Biyun Wang, Xichun Hu, Jian Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mingxi LinDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Yizi JinDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Jia JinDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Biyun WangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Xichun HuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Jian ZhangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7890-4187
Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) frequently experience brain metastasis. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and construct a nomogram for predicting brain metastasis possibility and brain screening benefit in mTNBC patients.

methodsPatients with mTNBC treated at our institution between January 2011 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Fine and Gray's competing risks model was used to identify independent prognostic factors. By integrating these prognostic factors, a competing risk nomogram and risk stratification model were developed and evaluated with concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves.

resultsA total of 472 patients were retrospectively analyzed, including 305 patients in the training set, 78 patients in the validation set I and 89 patients in the validation set II. Four clinicopathological factors were identified as independent prognostic factors in the nomogram: lung metastasis, number of metastatic organ sites, hilar/mediastinal lymph node metastasis and KI-67 index. The C-indexes and calibration plots showed that the nomogram exhibited a sufficient level of discrimination. A risk stratification was further generated to divide all the patients into three prognostic groups. The cumulative incidence of brain metastasis at 18 months was 5.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5%-9.7%) for patients in the low-risk group, while 14.3% (95% CI, 9.3%-20.4%) for patients with intermediate risk and 34.3% (95% CI, 26.8%-41.9%) for patients with high risk. Routine brain MRI screening improved overall survival in high-risk group (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.46-0.98, P = .039), but not in low-risk group (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.57-1.49, P = .751) and intermediate-risk group (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.55-1.27, P = .386).

conclusionsWe have developed a robust tool that is able to predict subsequent brain metastasis in mTNBC patients. Our model will allow selection of patients at high risk for brain metastasis who might benefit from routine bran MRI screening.

Indexed as

Decision Support TechniquesEarly Detection of CancerNomogramsAdultBrain NeoplasmsChinaClinical Decision-MakingFemaleHumansIncidenceMagnetic Resonance ImagingPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentBrain metastasisMetastatic triple-negative breast cancerNomogramOverall survivalPrognosis

Identifiers

PMID32945619
PMCPMC7666757
OpenAlexW3087140910

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.