SynthesisEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging2021
Higher thyroid hormone levels and cancer.
Synthesis in European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Molecular Determinants of Thyroid Cancer Progression: Thyroid Hormone Signaling, the BRAF/MAPK Pathway, and Emerging miRNA Biomarkers.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Article
- Thyroid hormones and epithelial ovarian cancer risk and survival: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of thyroid cancer in young people aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2021: an analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Correlation between thyroid hormone levels and the incidence and staging of bladder cancer.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Cancer Is a Major Determinant of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Reprogramming of Thyroid Cancer Metabolism: from Mechanism to Therapeutic Strategy.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Network toxicological insights into DEHP exposure and thyroid cancer development and progression.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Development and validation of an explainable machine learning model to predict Delphian lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer: a large cohort study.Journal of Cancer · 2025Article
- Nomogram for predicting the risk of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a combination of sonographic findings and clinical factors.Gland surgery · 2024Article
- Radiofrequency ablation versus radioactive iodine: the race for the best cure.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2024Article
- Genetic and molecular characterization of metabolic pathway-based clusters in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Causal relationship between prostate cancer and 12 types of cancers: multivariable and bidirectional Mendelian randomization analyses.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Thyroid Hormone Changes Correlate to Combined Breast Cancer with Primary Thyroid Cancer.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2024Article
- A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis between telomere length and hyperthyroidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Insights on the Association between Thyroid Diseases and Colorectal Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Causal associations of hyperthyroidism with prostate cancer, colon cancer, and leukemia: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Association between the type of thyroid dysfunction induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors and prognosis in cancer patients.BMC endocrine disorders · 2022Article
- Mitochondrial Respiration Inhibition Suppresses Papillary Thyroid CarcinomaFrontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis narrative review aims to summarize the relationship between hyperthyroidism, upper reference range thyroid hormone (TH) levels, and cancer, and to address the clinical management of hyperthyroidism in cancer patients.
methodsA comprehensive search was performed by an independent reviewer through Google Scholar and PubMed Electronic databases. All searches were restricted to English language manuscripts published between 2000 and 2020.
resultsNumerous in vitro, in vivo, and population-based studies suggest cancer-stimulating effect of triiodothyronine and thyroxin. THs are presented as mediators for tumor growth, proliferation, and progression. Many population and case-control studies suggest an increased risk of several solid but also hematologic malignancies in relation to hyperthyroidism and upper normal range TH levels. However, results are not unambiguous. In this review, we will summarize population and case-control studies that investigated the relationship between hyperthyroidism, upper reference range TH levels, lower thyrotropin (TSH) levels, lower reference range TSH levels with cancer risk, cancer prognosis, and cancer outcome. The vast majority of evidence suggests an association between clinical and subclinical hyperthyroidism with the risk of developing several types of cancer. Furthermore, hyperthyroidism is also linked with a poorer cancer prognosis. In this review, we will also discuss the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism in patients with pre-existing cancer and cover the management of hyperthyroidism in cancer patients, with special attention on the role of nuclear medicine.
conclusionsIt is crucial to emphasize the importance of the rapid establishment of euthyroidism, and consequently, the importance of radioiodine therapy, as the therapy of choice in most cancer patients. We want to show that in this day and age there still is a high relevance for I-131 to achieve a permanent solution and thus likely reduce the risk of adverse influence of hyperthyroidism on the occurrence of new and course of existing cancer cases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.