Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32943934›Full record

ArticleCancer management and research2020

Moxibustion Enhances Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer by Affecting Tumor Microenvironment.

Ning Xue, Xingli Fu, Yin Zhu, Nili Da, Jianbin Zhang

RetractedOpen access · goldAbstract readRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer management and research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ning XueDepartment of Acupuncture, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210017, People's Republic of China.
Xingli FuJiangsu University Health Science Center, Zhenjiang 212001, People's Republic of China.
Yin ZhuDepartment of Oncology, Jurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212400, People's Republic of China.
Nili DaDepartment of Acupuncture, Jurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212400, People's Republic of China.
Jianbin ZhangDepartment of Acupuncture, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210017, People's Republic of China.
Jiangsu University · CNNanjing University of Chinese Medicine · CNAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionChemotherapeutic drugs often cause obvious toxicity and side effects. Moxibustion can improve the immunity of cancer patients, enhance cellular immunity, and reduce the toxicity and adverse effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this study, the efficacy of moxibustion combined with paclitaxel on breast cancer was evaluated.

methodsA breast cancer mouse model was established. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to analyze tumor necrosis in mouse tumors. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and qPCR were used to detect the expression of CD34, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA), programmed death-1 (PD-1), and programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L1) in tumor tissues.

resultsMoxibustion combined with paclitaxel significantly inhibited weight loss in breast cancer-burdened mice and increased the survival rate. Moxibustion combined with paclitaxel increased the number of white blood cells, thymus index, and spleen index, and enhanced immune function by upregulating interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 and downregulating interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β1. Notably, moxibustion combined with paclitaxel inhibited the angiogenesis of tumors through the downregulation of CD34, HIF-1α, and VEGFA, and overcame the immunosuppressive microenvironment by inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway.

conclusionMoxibustion improves the body's immune function and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy by overcoming the immunosuppressive microenvironment.

Indexed as

breast cancerchemotherapymoxibustionPD-L1tumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID32943934
PMCPMC7481310
OpenAlexW3082695262

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.