ArticleBMC public health2020
Spatial distribution and determinants of household iodized salt utilization in Ethiopia: a spatial and multilevel analysis of Ethiopian demographic and Health survey.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Individual- and community-level factors associated with the presence of adequate iodized salt in households in Bangladesh: a multilevel modelling approach.International health · 2025Article
- Household Consumption of Adequately Iodized Salt: A Multi-Country Analysis of Socioeconomic Disparities.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Iodized household salt utilization and associated factors among households in East Africa: a multilevel modelling analysis using recent national health surveys.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Nearly one-in-five households utilized inadequate iodized salt in Nifas Silk Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.BMC nutrition · 2023Article
- Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Factors Influencing the Median Urine Iodine Concentration of 8-10-year-old Children in Xinjiang, China 25 Years after Implementation of the Salt Iodization Policy.Biological trace element research · 2023Article
- Iodine status, impact of knowledge, and practice for adequate iodized salt utilization in house hold at North West Ethiopia.SAGE open medicine · 2023Article
- Magnitude, Trends, and Determinants of Iodized Salt Availability among Households in Ethiopia: Analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (2000-2016).Nutrition and metabolic insights · 2021Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIodine deficiency disorder is a significant public health problem, affecting both developed and developing nations worldwide. It is associated with poor body growth and irreversible mental retardation. However, little is known about the spatial distribution and determinants of household iodized salt utilization in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the spatial distribution and determinants of iodized salt utilization at national level.
methodsEthiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 data was used to investigate the spatial distribution and determinants of household iodized salt utilization in Ethiopia. ArcGIS 10.6 and SaTScan™ version 9.6 software were used to explore the spatial distribution and detect significant clusters, respectively. The odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was determined for potential determinants included in the multivariable multilevel logistic regression model.
resultsHousehold iodized salt utilization was spatially clustered in Ethiopia (Moran's Index = 0.076, p-value = 0.01). The significant hotspot areas with high iodized salt utilization were located in Benishangul, Amhara, Gambella, Tigray and Northwest Oromia regions. Significant cold spot areas (areas with low iodized salt utilization) were found in Somali, and East Afar regions. Those households with higher education level ((Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] =1.49, 95% CI =1.14-1.93), high community level education (AOR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.03-2.20), middle wealth index (AOR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.04-1.65) and high community media exposure (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.07-2.17) had higher odds of iodized salt utilization.
conclusionsHousehold iodized salt utilization had significant spatial variation across the country. Both household and community level variables were found to be associated with household iodized salt utilization in Ethiopia. Therefore, increasing the education level, wealth status and community media exposure is recommended to improve iodized salt utilization in a country. A targeted intervention is also needed for those regions with low household iodized salt utilization.
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