ArticleMicroorganisms2020
Proline-Rich Hypervariable Region of Hepatitis E Virus: Arranging the Disorder.
Article in Microorganisms, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of hepatitis E virus host- and virus-derived insertions on the antiviral response in primary human hepatocytes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Hepatitis E ORF2 Blocks Trophoblast Autophagy to Induce Miscarriage via LC3B Binding Rather than PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway Suppression.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Article
- Viral Hepatitis: Host Immune Interaction, Pathogenesis and New Therapeutic Strategies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Genetic determinants of host- and virus-derived insertions for hepatitis E virus replication.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Thrombin cleavage of the hepatitis E virus polyprotein at multiple conserved locations is required for genome replication.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Expanding the Hepatitis E Virus Toolbox: Selectable Replicons and Recombinant Reporter Genomes.Viruses · 2023Review
- Genetic Evolution of Hepatitis E Virus.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- Structural aspects of hepatitis E virus.Archives of virology · 2022Review
- Advanced sequencing approaches detected insertions of viral and human origin in the viral genome of chronic hepatitis E virus patients.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Hepatitis E genotype 3 genome: A comprehensive analysis of entropy, motif conservation, relevant mutations, and clade-associated polymorphisms.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Processing and Subcellular Localization of the Hepatitis E Virus Replicase: Identification of Candidate Viral Factories.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) hypervariable region (HVR) presents the highest divergence of the entire HEV genome. It is characteristically rich in proline, and so is also known as the "polyproline region" (PPR). HEV genotype 3 (HEV-3) exhibits different PPR lengths due to insertions, PPR and/or RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) duplications and deletions. A total of 723 PPR-HEV sequences were analyzed, of which 137 HEV-3 sequences were obtained from clinical specimens (from acute and chronic infection) by Sanger sequencing. Eight swine stool/liver samples were also analyzed. N- and C-terminal fragments were confirmed as being conserved, but they harbored differences between genotypes and were not proline-plentiful regions. The genuine PPR is the intermediate region between them. HEV-3 PPR contains a higher percentage (30.4%) of prolines than other genotypes. We describe for the first time: (1) the specific placement of HEV-3 PPR rearrangements in sites 1 to 14 of the PPR, noting that duplications are more frequently attached to sites 11 and 12 (AAs 74-79 and 113-118, respectively); (2) the cadence of repetitions follows a circular-like pattern of blocks A to J, with F, G, H, and I being the most frequent; (3) a previously unreported insertion homologous to apolipoprotein C1; and (4) the increase in frequency of potential N-glycosylation sites and differences in AAs composition related to duplications.
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