ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2020
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Fetal Deaths - United States, 2015-2017.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racialized Economic Segregation and Disparities in the Risk of Stillbirth.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Measures of Structural Racism and Black-White Disparity in Stillbirth Rates in New York City, 2009-2018: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Trends in Maternal, Fetal, and Infant Mortality in the US, 2000-2023.JAMA pediatrics · 2025Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Out-of-Pocket Spending for Maternity Care.JAMA health forum · 2025Article
- How have interventions targeting pregnant women from refugee, migrant and culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds living in high-income countries been developed or tailored to meet community needs? A systematic scoping review of stillbirth-related literature.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- History of Pregnancy Loss and Risk for Higher Midlife Blood Pressure in Parous Females.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2025Article
- Increased Stillbirth Rates and Exposure to Environmental Risk Factors for Stillbirth in Counties with Higher Social Vulnerability: United States, 2015-2018.Maternal and child health journal · 2024Article
- Male twinning after the 2008 Obama election: A test of symbolic empowerment.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Article
- Population-Level Study on Fetal Deaths and Preterm Births during SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in the State of Michigan.American journal of perinatology · 2024Article
- Group prenatal care successes, challenges, and frameworks for scaling up: a case study in adopting health care innovations.Implementation science communications · 2024Article
- Disparities by Race in Pregnancy Care and Clinical Outcomes in Women With Multiple Sclerosis: A Diverse Multicenter CohortNeurology · 2024Article
- Disparities in Breast Cancer Care-How Factors Related to Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment Drive Inequity.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Call for Improved Fourth Trimester Care After Stillbirth.Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN · 2024Article
- Racial/Ethnic Disparity in Association Between Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Alcohol Intake During Pregnancy: Multisite Retrospective Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Limited Utility of Toxicology Testing at Delivery for Perinatal Cannabis Use.Hospital pediatrics · 2023Article
- Validation of claims-based algorithms to identify non-live birth outcomes.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2023Article
- Stillbirth After Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer: A Population-Based Study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2022Article
- Evolving stillbirth rates among Black and White women in the United States, 1980-2020: A population-based study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022Article
- Allostatic Load and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The spontaneous death or loss of a fetus during pregnancy is termed a fetal death. In the United States, national data on fetal deaths are available for losses at ≥20 weeks' gestation.* Deaths occurring during this period of pregnancy are commonly known as stillbirths. In 2017, approximately 23,000 fetal deaths were reported in the United States (1). Racial/ethnic disparities exist in the fetal mortality rate; however, much of the known disparity in fetal deaths is unexplained (2). CDC analyzed 2015-2017 U.S. fetal death report data and found that non-Hispanic Black (Black) women had more than twice the fetal mortality rate compared with non-Hispanic White (White) women and Hispanic women. Fetal mortality rates also varied by maternal state of residence. Cause of death analyses were conducted for jurisdictions where >50% of reports had a cause of death specified. Still, even in these jurisdictions, approximately 31% of fetal deaths had no cause of death reported on a fetal death report. There were differences by race and Hispanic origin in causes of death, with Black women having three times the rate of fetal deaths because of maternal complications compared with White women. The disparities suggest opportunities for prevention to reduce the U.S. fetal mortality rate. Improved documentation of cause of death on fetal death reports might help identify preventable causes and guide prevention efforts.
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