Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32941065›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of public health2020

A Century Later: Rural Public Health's Enduring Challenges and Opportunities.

Erika Ziller, Carly Milkowski

Open access · greenAbstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Rural Health Curriculum in Bachelor of Science in Nursing Programs: A Narrative Review.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026
    Review
  4. Impact of School Rurality on Fruit and Vegetable Selection Differs by Sex and Eating Duration for Arizona Schools.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. The new Rural Emergency Hospital Designation Program: Will it improve access to care for rural Americans?The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Examining geographic disparities in access to no-cost naloxone in North Carolina: A cross-sectional survey of naloxone distribution programs.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025
    Article
  13. American journal of public health · 2025
    Article
  14. Barriers to participation in clinical trials of rural older adult cancer survivors: A qualitative study.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Assessing the relationship between census tract rurality and severe maternal morbidity in California (1997-2018).The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Erika ZillerErika Ziller and Carly Milkowski are with the Maine Rural Health Research Center, University of Southern Maine, Portland.
Carly MilkowskiErika Ziller and Carly Milkowski are with the Maine Rural Health Research Center, University of Southern Maine, Portland.
University of Southern Maine · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The US public health community has demonstrated increasing awareness of rural health disparities in the past several years. Although current interest is high, the topic is not new, and some of the earliest public health literature includes reports on infectious disease and sanitation in rural places. Continuing through the first third of the 20th century, dozens of articles documented rural disparities in infant and maternal mortality, sanitation and water safety, health care access, and among Black, Indigenous, and People of Color communities. Current rural research reveals similar challenges, and strategies suggested for addressing rural-urban health disparities 100 years ago resonate today. This article examines rural public health literature from a century ago and its connections to contemporary rural health disparities. We describe parallels between current and historical rural public health challenges and discuss how strategies proposed in the early 20th century may inform current policy and practice. As we explore the new frontier of rural public health, it is critical to consider enduring rural challenges and how to ensure that proposed solutions translate into actual health improvements. (

Indexed as

Child HealthCommunicable DiseasesCommunity ParticipationEthnic and Racial MinoritiesFemaleHealth PlanningHealth Services AccessibilityHealth Status DisparitiesHistory, 20th CenturyHumansMaternal HealthNurses, Public HealthPoliticsPublic HealthRural Health

Identifiers

PMID32941065
PMCPMC7542279
OpenAlexW3087341591

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.