Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32938973›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

The immune response after noise damage in the cochlea is characterized by a heterogeneous mix of adaptive and innate immune cells.

Vikrant Rai, Megan B Wood, Hao Feng, Nathan M Schabla, Shu Tu, Jian Zuo

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Lateral olivocochlear neurons modulate cochlear responses to noise exposure.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  17. Immunological mechanisms in Meniere's disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Review
  18. Pharmacological Approaches to Hearing Loss.Pharmacological reviews · 2024
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Vikrant Rai *Department of Biomedical Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
Megan B Wood *Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Hao FengDepartment of Biomedical Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
Nathan M SchablaDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology and Flow Cytometry Core, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
Shu TuDepartment of Biomedical Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
Jian ZuoDepartment of Biomedical Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA. jianzuo@creighton.edu.
Creighton University · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · USSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital · US

Funding

Viral Vector Technology (VVTSR)P30CA021765 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI CHARLES ROBERTS · 1985 to 2026
$166.9M
Training Program in Hearing and BalanceT32DC000023 · NIDCD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI CULLEN, KATHLEEN E · 1989 to 2025
$8.7M
Genetic control of cellular conversion in the mature cochleaR01DC015010 · NIDCD · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI ZUO, JIAN · 2016 to 2020
$2.3M
Discovery of In Vivo Small Molecules for Hearing Protection Against Cisplatin and NoiseR01DC015444 · NIDCD · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI ZUO, JIAN · 2016 to 2018
$1.6M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA021765NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC015010NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC015444NIDCD NIH HHS T32 DC000023NIH HHS 5T32DC000023-33NIH HHS P30CA21765NIH HHS R01DC015010-01A1NIH HHS R01 DC015444-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cells of the immune system are present in the adult cochlea and respond to damage caused by noise exposure. However, the types of immune cells involved and their locations within the cochlea are unclear. We used flow cytometry and immunostaining to reveal the heterogeneity of the immune cells in the cochlea and validated the presence of immune cell gene expression by analyzing existing single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) data. We demonstrate that cell types of both the innate and adaptive immune system are present in the cochlea. In response to noise damage, immune cells increase in number. B, T, NK, and myeloid cells (macrophages and neutrophils) are the predominant immune cells present. Interestingly, immune cells appear to respond to noise damage by infiltrating the organ of Corti. Our studies highlight the need to further understand the role of these immune cells within the cochlea after noise exposure.

Indexed as

Adaptive ImmunityAnimalsB-LymphocytesCochleaDisease Models, AnimalEvoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain StemFemaleHearing Loss, Noise-InducedImmunity, InnateKiller Cells, NaturalLeukocyte Common AntigensMacrophagesMaleMiceMice, 129 StrainMice, Inbred C57BLLeukocyte Common AntigensPtprc protein, mouse

Identifiers

PMID32938973
PMCPMC7495466
OpenAlexW3087290246

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.