Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32938446›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental health : a global access science source2020

Associations between prenatal maternal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and birth outcomes among pregnant women in San Francisco.

Stephanie M Eick, Elizabeth K Hom Thepaksorn, Monika A Izano, Lara J Cushing, Yunzhu Wang, Sabrina Crispo Smith, Songmei Gao, June-Soo Park, Amy M Padula, Erin DeMicco and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Epigenetic Consequences of In Utero PFAS Exposure: Implications for Development and Long-Term Health.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Stephanie M EickProgram on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Elizabeth K Hom ThepaksornProgram on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Monika A IzanoProgram on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Lara J CushingDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Yunzhu WangEnvironmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Sabrina Crispo SmithEnvironmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Songmei GaoEnvironmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA, USA.
June-Soo ParkEnvironmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Amy M PadulaProgram on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Erin DeMiccoProgram on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Linda ValeriDepartment of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Tracey J WoodruffProgram on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Rachel Morello-FroschProgram on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. rmf@berkeley.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-1153-7287
University of California, San Francisco · USCalifornia Environmental Protection Agency · USColumbia University · USReproductive Science Center · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

The Illinois Kids Development Study ECHO Pregnancy and Pediatric CohortUH3OD023272 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI Andrea Aguiar, Susan L Schantz · 2018 to 2026
$18.6M
The Illinois Kids Development Study ECHO Pregnancy and Pediatric CohortUG3OD023272 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI SCHANTZ, SUSAN L · 2016 to 2024
$7.2M
The UCSF Pregnancy Exposures to Environmental Chemicals (PEEC) Children's CenterP01ES022841 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI WOODRUFF, TRACEY J. · 2013 to 2018
$3.9M
NIEHS NIH HHS P01 ES022841NIH HHS UG3 OD023272NIH HHS UH3 OD023272U.S. Environmental Protection Agency RD83543301
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPerfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used in consumer products for their water repellent and flame retardant properties, respectively. However, there is widespread prenatal exposure and concern about their potential harm to the developing fetus. Here, we utilized data from a demographically diverse cohort of women in San Francisco, CA to examine associations between prenatal exposure to PFAS and PBDEs with gestational age and birth weight for gestational age z-scores.

methodsWomen included in this analysis were enrolled in the Chemicals in our Bodies (CIOB) cohort study (N = 506). PFAS and PBDEs were measured in serum obtained during the second trimester of pregnancy. Linear regression models were used to calculate crude and adjusted β coefficients for the association between PFAS and PBDE concentrations in tertiles and gestational age and birth weight z-scores. Individual PFAS and PBDE concentrations, as well as their sums, were examined in separate models.

resultsThe highest compared to lowest tertile of BDE-47 was associated with shorter gestational age (β = - 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] = - 0.95, - 0.02). Additionally, exposure to BDE-47 and BDE-99 in the middle tertile was also associated with a reduction in birth weight z-scores (β = - 0.26, 95% CI = -0.48, - 0.04; β = - 0.25, 95% CI = -0.47, - 0.04, respectively) compared to those in the lowest tertile of exposure. No consistent associations were observed between increasing PFAS concentrations and gestational age or birth weight z-scores. DISCUSSION: Among a diverse group of pregnant women in the San Francisco Bay Area, we found non-linear associations between prenatal exposure to PBDEs during the second trimester of pregnancy and birth weight z-scores. However, most PFAS congeners were not associated with adverse birth outcomes. PFAS and PBDE concentrations were lower in our cohort relative to other studies. Future research should assess the effects of emerging and persistent PFAS and PBDEs on birth outcomes, as some congeners are being phased out and replaced by chemically similar structures.

Indexed as

Gestational AgeAdultBirth WeightCohort StudiesEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleFlame RetardantsFluorocarbonsHalogenated Diphenyl EthersHumansMaternal ExposurePregnancySan FranciscoYoung AdultEnvironmental PollutantsFlame RetardantsFluorocarbonsHalogenated Diphenyl EthersBirth outcomesHealth disparitiesPer- and poly-fluroalkyl substancesPolybrominated diphenyl ethers

Identifiers

PMID32938446
PMCPMC7495899
OpenAlexW3086447421

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.