ReviewPflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology2020
GDF15, an update of the physiological and pathological roles it plays: a review.
Review in Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) in Paediatric Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Pooled it
- Immune-inflammatory and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis biomarkers are altered in patients with non-specific low back pain: A systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Mealtime irregularity is associated with higher serum growth differentiation factor-15 levels in older adults: the explanatory role of dietary quality.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- GDF15: A Hijacked Metabo-Hormone Orchestrating Cachexia and Immunosuppression in Cancer.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Endothelial GDF15 deficiency enhances barrier function and mitigates pulmonary fibrosis.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Plasma GDF15 affects long-term dementia risk and alters neuroimmune signaling.Science advances · 2026Article
- Association between iron status and inflammation markers with GDF15 and BMP6 in inflammatory bowel disease: a single center cross-sectional study.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- The Role of GDF-15 in Heart Failure and Biomarker Potential-From Basic Science to Clinical Praxis.Biology · 2026Review
- Convergent Roles of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) in Mechanotransduction, Vascular Disorganization, and Immune Suppression in Melanoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory functions of growth differentiation factor 15 in skin aging and inflammatory dermatoses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A cell differentiation landscape for monocyte and interstitial macrophage in the lung with diffuse alveolar damage.Protein & cell · 2026Article
- Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) as an emerging biomarker for cardiovascular and kidney diseases, a therapeutic target in cancer and a potential biomarker for preeclampsia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Unveiling GDF-15: a new frontier in combating diabetic osteoporosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Adipokine Levels and Glucose Metabolism Responses to the Acute Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIE) and Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise (MICE) in Prediabetic Obese Men.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Article
- The AMPK/GDF15 Axis: A Novel Target for the Neuroprotective Effects of Metformin in Ischemic Stroke.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- The upregulation of GDF15 is controlled epigenetically by oncogenic TCF19 signaling in human hepatocellular carcinoma.iScience · 2025Article
- GDF15 regulates development and growth of sympathetic neurons to enhance energy expenditure and thermogenesis.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Serum levels of GDF-15, betatrophin, TNF-α and IL-6 in diabetic patients with and without diabetic complications.Saudi medical journal · 2025Article
- Serum Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) Levels Reflect Ischemic Etiology in Heart Failure Patients with Iron Deficiency: A Cross-Sectional Study.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Pharmacological but Not Physiological Levels of GDF15 and FGF21 Regulate Body Weight and Glycemic Control in Obese Mice.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a peptide hormone, and a divergent member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily. In normal physiology, GDF15 is expressed in multiple tissues at a low concentration. GDF15 is overexpressed during and following many pathological conditions such as tissue injury and inflammation in order to play a protective role. However, GDF15 appears to promote tumour growth in the later stages of malignant cancer. The recently identified endogenous receptor for GDF15, GDNF family receptor a-like (GFRAL), has allowed elucidation of a physiological pathway in which GDF15 regulates energy homeostasis and body weight, primarily via appetite suppression. The anorectic effect of GDF15 provides some therapeutic potential in management of cancer-related anorexia/cachexia and obesity. Despite the identification of GFRAL as a GDF15 receptor, there appears to be other signalling mechanisms utilized by GDF15 that further increase the possibility of development of therapeutic treatments, should these pathways be fully characterized. In this review, GDF15 function in both physiological and pathological conditions in various tissues will be discussed.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.