ReviewClinical and experimental immunology2020
Vaccines for COVID-19.
Review in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
127 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Vaccine Efficacy Against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Phase II randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, clinical trial of safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine FAKHRAVAC in adults aged 18-70 years.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of BCG Revaccination WithFrontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Article
- Systems vaccinology analysis of saRNA immunization identifies an acute innate immune signature correlated with adaptive immunity.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Working together: a multi-component intranasal vaccine provides synergistic protection against COVID-19.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- The Autoimmune March: Bullous Lichen Planus and New-Onset Lupus Erythematosus Occurring After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in a Filipino Female With Rheumatoid Arthritis.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Revolutionizing immunization: a comprehensive review of mRNA vaccine technology and applications.Virology journal · 2025Review
- Review
- Comparative immunologic profiling of mRNA and protein-conjugated vaccines: acute inflammatory responses and anti-PEG antibody production.Animal cells and systems · 2025Article
- Vaccine Equity: Lessons Learned Exploring Facilitators and Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccination in Urban Black Communities.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Animal Cell Lines as Expression Platforms in Viral Vaccine Production: A Post Covid-19 Perspective.ACS omega · 2024Review
- Yeast-Based Screening of Anti-Viral Molecules.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Optimizing a linear 'Doggybone' DNA vaccine for influenza virus through the incorporation of DNA targeting sequences and neuraminidase antigen.Discovery immunology · 2024Article
- A single-dose MCMV-based vaccine elicits long-lasting immune protection in mice against distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Reducing cell intrinsic immunity to mRNA vaccine alters adaptive immune responses in mice.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 and thyroid diseases.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2023Review
- Comparative study of 'the clinical profile of COVID-19-positive patients with and without vaccination profile'.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Since the emergence of COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus at the end of 2019, there has been an explosion of vaccine development. By 24 September 2020, a staggering number of vaccines (more than 200) had started preclinical development, of which 43 had entered clinical trials, including some approaches that have not previously been licensed for human vaccines. Vaccines have been widely considered as part of the exit strategy to enable the return to previous patterns of working, schooling and socializing. Importantly, to effectively control the COVID-19 pandemic, production needs to be scaled-up from a small number of preclinical doses to enough filled vials to immunize the world's population, which requires close engagement with manufacturers and regulators. It will require a global effort to control the virus, necessitating equitable access for all countries to effective vaccines. This review explores the immune responses required to protect against SARS-CoV-2 and the potential for vaccine-induced immunopathology. We describe the profile of the different platforms and the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. The review also addresses the critical steps between promising preclinical leads and manufacturing at scale. The issues faced during this pandemic and the platforms being developed to address it will be invaluable for future outbreak control. Nine months after the outbreak began we are at a point where preclinical and early clinical data are being generated for the vaccines; an overview of this important area will help our understanding of the next phases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.