ReviewNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2020
Neuromuscular presentations in patients with COVID-19.
Review in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 140 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
140 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 275 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-Cov-2 infection and neuropathological findings: a report of 18 cases and review of the literature.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Pooled it
- COVID-19 associated cranial nerve neuropathy: A systematic review.Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Pooled it
- New-Onset Myasthenia Gravis Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Unraveling the Mystery: COVID-19 and Diabetic Complications - A Journey from Pathophysiology to Treatment.Current diabetes reviews · 2026Review
- A Case of Fasciitis Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination: Case Review and Literature Overview.Cureus · 2025Article
- Double-seropositive Myasthenia Gravis Following COVID-19.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Musculoskeletal symptoms in COVID-19 survivors: A brief report on outcomes after 1 and 3 months of hospitalization.Journal of education and health promotion · 2025Article
- Diaphragmatic Eventration Caused by SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus Infection: Two Case Reports.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Potential Mechanisms Underlying COVID-19-Mediated Central and Peripheral Demyelination: Roles of the RAAS and ADAM-17.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- A clinical approach to the investigation and management of long COVID associated neuropathic pain.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Review
- What Is the Impact of the Novel Coronavirus and the Vaccination on Guillain-Barre Syndrome?Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Impact of COVID-19 on Diaphragmatic Function: Understanding Multiorgan Involvement and Long-Term Consequences.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Musculoskeletal manifestations of COVID-19.Skeletal radiology · 2024Review
- Neuropathic component of chronic musculoskeletal pain in patients with post-COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.Archives of rheumatology · 2024Article
- Review
- COVID-19 in patients with myasthenia gravis: a single-center retrospective study in China.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Risks of incident major osteoporotic fractures following SARS-CoV-2 infection among older individuals: a population-based cohort study in Hong Kong.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2024Article
- Neuropathic Corneal Pain after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Advance in the mechanism and clinical research of myalgia in long COVID.American journal of clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Review
- Benign fasciculation syndrome and migraine aura without headache as possible adverse events after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination: a web-based survey.Croatian medical journal · 2023Article
80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that has an affinity for neural tissue. There are reports of encephalitis, encephalopathy, cranial neuropathy, Guillain-Barrè syndrome, and myositis/rhabdomyolysis in patients with COVID-19. In this review, we focused on the neuromuscular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We analyzed all published reports on SARS-CoV-2-related peripheral nerve, neuromuscular junction, muscle, and cranial nerve disorders. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction is now accepted as an early manifestation of COVID-19 infection. Inflammation, edema, and axonal damage of olfactory bulb have been shown in autopsy of patients who died of COVID-19. Olfactory pathway is suggested as a portal of entry of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain. Similar to involvement of olfactory bulb, isolated oculomotor, trochlear and facial nerve has been described. Increasing reports Guillain-Barrè syndrome secondary to COVID-19 are being published. Unlike typical GBS, most of COVID-19-related GBS were elderly, had concomitant pneumonia or ARDS, more prevalent demyelinating neuropathy, and relatively poor outcome. Myalgia is described among the common symptoms of COVID-19 after fever, cough, and sore throat. Duration of myalgia may be related to the severity of COVID-19 disease. Few patients had muscle weakness and elevated creatine kinase along with elevated levels of acute-phase reactants. All these patients with myositis/rhabdomyolysis had severe respiratory complications related to COVID-19. A handful of patients with myasthenia gravis showed exacerbation of their disease after acquiring COVID-19 disease. Most of these patients recovered with either intravenous immunoglobulins or steroids.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.