ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
p-Cresol Sulfate Caused Behavior Disorders and Neurodegeneration in Mice with Unilateral Nephrectomy Involving Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- p-Cresol and p-Cresyl Sulphate Boost Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Gut microbiota bridges dietary nutrients and host immunity.Science China. Life sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Safety and target engagement of an oral small-molecule sequestrant in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: an open-label phase 1b/2a trial.Nature medicine · 2022Trial
- From Cognitive Impairment to Uremic Encephalopathy in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Proposed Pathophysiological Continuum.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Chronic kidney disease and cognitive decline: choroid plexus remodeling, glymphatic dysfunction, and alzheimer biomarker interpretation.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Review
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Targeting Uremic Toxins in Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Challenges and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Toxins · 2026Review
- Investigating the Kidney-Gut-Brain Axis in CKD: Uremic Toxins and Brain Microhemorrhages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Depressive symptoms in chronic kidney disease: the hidden role of uremic toxins.BMJ mental health · 2026Article
- Encephalopathy: Cause, Pathogenesis, and Treatment.MedComm · 2026Review
- Metabolomic Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Metabolomic Discoveries for Traditional Chinese Medicine Efficacy in Alzheimer's Disease.BioMed research international · 2026Review
- Cerebral Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis: the Role of Neuroglia and Associated Factors (Review).Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2026Review
- Microbiota-derived metabolites and cognitive dysfunction in dialysis patients: mechanisms and targeted therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter and autism spectrum disorder in children: population based case-control study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Urinary metabolomic profiling in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome reveals microbial and mitochondrial signatures related to autism and psychosis risk.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Gut dysbiosis and brain microhemorrhages in young vs. aged mice with chronic kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spatial metabolic and phenotypic characterization of the germ-free mouse model.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Protein-bound uremic toxins, such as p-cresol sulfate (PCS), can be accumulated with declined renal function and aging and is closely linked with central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In the periphery, PCS has effects on oxidative stress and inflammation. Since oxidative stress and inflammation have substantial roles in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, the CNS effects of PCS were investigated in unilateral nephrectomized C57/BL/6 mice. Unlike intact mice, unilateral nephrectomized mice showed increased circulating levels of PCS after exogenous administration. Upon PCS exposure, the unilateral nephrectomized mice developed depression-like, anxiety-like, and cognitive impairment behaviors with brain PCS accumulation in comparison with the nephrectomy-only group. In the prefrontal cortical tissues, neuronal cell survival and neurogenesis were impaired along with increased apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) and serotonin were decreased in association with increased corticosterone and repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST), regulators involved in neurological disorders. On the contrary, these PCS-induced changes were alleviated by uremic toxin absorbent AST-120. Taken together, PCS administration in mice with nephrectomy contributed to neurological disorders with increased oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which were alleviated by PCS chelation. It is suggested that PCS may be a therapeutic target for chronic kidney disease-associated CNS diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.