Observational studyCardiovascular research2021
Adoptive transfer of CX3CR1 transduced-T regulatory cells improves homing to the atherosclerotic plaques and dampens atherosclerosis progression.
Observational study in Cardiovascular research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting Metabolic Pathways to Direct T-Cell Trafficking: Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- SREBP1c modulates Treg immunobiology through a phospholipid-dependent adenosine pathway.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Regulatory T Cells: Subtle and Promising Achilles' Heel of Psoriasis - Atherosclerosis Comorbidity.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Revitalizing T cells: breakthroughs and challenges in overcoming T cell exhaustion.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- The Role of Lipids in Atherosclerosis: Focus on Molecular Biology Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Unraveling the Causal Links Between Immune Cells, Lipids, and Cardiovascular Diseases: Insights from Mendelian Randomization.Global heart · 2025Article
- Adoptive Transfer of CX3CR1-Transduced Tregs Homing to the Forebrain in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation and 3xTg Alzheimer's Disease Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Targeting immune cell recruitment in atherosclerosis.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- IL-27/Blimp-1 axis regulates the differentiation and function of Tim-3+ Tregs during early pregnancy.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Tregs levels and phenotype modifications during Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis course.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- T cell specific deletion of Casitas B lineage lymphoma-b reduces atherosclerosis, but increases plaque T cell infiltration and systemic T cell activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Editorial: Exploiting cellular immunometabolism as a strategy for innovative cardiovascular therapies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Exploring the common mechanisms and biomarker ST8SIA4 of atherosclerosis and ankylosing spondylitis through bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Immune cell-mediated features of atherosclerosis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Exploration and Validation of Immune and Therapeutic-Related Hub Genes in Aortic Valve Calcification and Carotid Atherosclerosis.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Genetic deletion of MMP12 ameliorates cardiometabolic disease by improving insulin sensitivity, systemic inflammation, and atherosclerotic features in mice.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- CXInflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2023Article
- sFgl2-Treg Positive Feedback Pathway Protects against Atherosclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Targeting regulatory T cells for cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The low-density lipoprotein receptor-mTORC1 axis coordinates CD8+ T cell activation.The Journal of cell biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimLoss of immunosuppressive response supports inflammation during atherosclerosis. We tested whether adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with Tregulatory cells (Tregs), engineered to selectively migrate in the atherosclerotic plaque, would dampen the immune-inflammatory response in the arterial wall in animal models of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). METHODS AND
resultsFH patients presented a decreased Treg suppressive function associated to an increased inflammatory burden. A similar phenotype was observed in Ldlr -/- mice accompanied by a selective increased expression of the chemokine CX3CL1 in the aorta but not in other districts (lymph nodes, spleen, and liver). Treg overexpressing CX3CR1 were thus generated (CX3CR1+-Tregs) to drive Tregs selectively to the plaque. CX3CR1+-Tregs were injected (i.v.) in Ldlr -/- fed high-cholesterol diet (western type diet, WTD) for 8 weeks. CX3CR1+-Tregs were detected in the aorta, but not in other tissues, of Ldlr -/- mice 24 h after ACT, corroborating the efficacy of this approach. After 4 additional weeks of WTD, ACT with CX3CR1+-Tregs resulted in reduced plaque progression and lipid deposition, ameliorated plaque stability by increasing collagen and smooth muscle cells content, while decreasing the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages. Shotgun proteomics of the aorta showed a metabolic rewiring in CX3CR1+-Tregs treated Ldlr -/- mice compared to controls that was associated with the improvement of inflammation-resolving pathways and disease progression.
conclusionACT with vasculotropic Tregs appears as a promising strategy to selectively target immune activation in the atherosclerotic plaque.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.