ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2021
Female sex is strongly associated with cognitive impairment in HIV infection.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment and frailty in aging people with HIV in Latin America: a systematic review.BMC neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Microglial reactivity and nodule formation are associated with Synaptodendritic damage in the brains of people with HIV-1.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Plasma Biomarkers and Cognitive Decline in HIV: Findings from Two U.S. Cohorts.TouchREVIEWS in infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Acute Effects of Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibitor ABX1431 on Neuronal Hyperexcitability, Nociception, Locomotion, and the Endocannabinoid System in HIV-1 Tat Male Mice.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Article
- Effects of acute cannabidiol on behavior and the endocannabinoid system in HIV-1 Tat transgenic female and male mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Effects of acute ΔBrain research · 2024Article
- Article
- The comorbidity of depression and neurocognitive disorder in persons with HIV infection: call for investigation and treatment.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- The impacts of HIV infection, age, and education on functional brain networks in adults with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Article
- Article
- Viruses and Endogenous Retroviruses as Roots for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNeurocognitive disorders remain frequent despite highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). The CNS is known as the sanctuary of HIV infection, where persistent neuroinflammation occurs regardless of viral suppression. Moreover, opportunistic infections, neurovascular damage and HAART neurotoxicity contribute to neurocognitive impairment. Therefore, detailed epidemiological studies might help to elucidate those complex mechanisms.
objectiveTo investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and the associated sociodemographic, clinical and neuropsychological variables among HIV-infected patients admitted to a tertiary centre, in southern Brazil.
methodsAn observational, cross-sectional and analytic study was conducted between February 2019 and March 2020, in Hospital Nereu Ramos (HNR), with148 HIV-infected patients. They were interviewed, submitted to the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) and had their medical data analysed.
resultsThe prevalence of cognitive impairment was 69.6%. It was higher among women (OR = 3.5; 95% CI 1.5-8; p < 0.01), independently of depression, educational status and age. Full years of schooling were strongly associated with IHDS scores (p < 0.01). Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores for depression (p = 0.8), time since HIV diagnosis (p = 0.2), CD4
conclusionA high prevalence of cognitive impairment in HIV-infected patients was identified, independently associated with the female sex and fewer years of schooling. Further studies are needed to clarify the differences in the pathophysiology between sexes and the role of cognitive reserve in prevention of cognitive impairment in HIV infection.
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