ArticleeNeuro
Dissecting the Tectal Output Channels for Orienting and Defense Responses.
Article in eNeuro. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vision guides directed orienting movements during obstacle avoidance in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Ascending and descending motor pathways converge in the centrolateral nucleus of the thalamus.Research square · 2026Article
- Synaptic Silencing with Transactivation of Tetanus Neurotoxin for Pathway-Selective Manipulation.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Superior Colliculus Controls the Activity of the Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta and Ventral Tegmental Area in an Asymmetrical Manner.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Probabilistically constrained vector summation of motion direction in the mouse superior colliculus.Current biology : CB · 2025Article
- Article
- Shifting attention to orient or avoid: a unifying account of the tail of the striatum and its dopaminergic inputs.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2024Article
- Basal ganglia-spinal cord pathway that commands locomotor gait asymmetries in mice.Nature neuroscience · 2024Article
- Pathways from the Superior Colliculus to the Basal Ganglia.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- Neural Circuit Mechanisms Involved in Animals' Detection of and Response to Visual Threats.Neuroscience bulletin · 2023Review
- What Are the Functions of the Superior Colliculus and Its Involvement in Neurologic Disorders?Neurology · 2023Article
- The Orienting Reflex Reveals Behavioral States Set by Demanding Contexts: Role of the Superior Colliculus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cortical-subcortical interactions in goal-directed behavior.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
- Descending pathways from the superior colliculus mediating autonomic and respiratory effects associated with orienting behaviour.The Journal of physiology · 2022Article
- Networking brainstem and basal ganglia circuits for movement.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2022Review
- Superior Colliculus to VTA pathway controls orienting response and influences social interaction in mice.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Effects of Light Isoflurane Anesthesia on Organization of Direction and Orientation Selectivity in the Superficial Layer of the Mouse Superior Colliculus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Article
- Functional Organisation of the Mouse Superior Colliculus.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2022Review
- The "Primitive Brain Dysfunction" Theory of Autism: The Superior Colliculus Role.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Electrical stimulation and lesion experiments in 1980's suggested that the crossed descending pathway from the deeper layers of superior colliculus (SCd) controls orienting responses, while the uncrossed pathway mediates defense-like behavior. To overcome the limitation of these classical studies and explicitly dissect the structure and function of these two pathways, we performed selective optogenetic activation of each pathway in male mice with channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2) expression by Cre driver using double viral vector techniques. Brief photostimulation of the crossed pathway evoked short latency contraversive orienting-like head turns, while extended stimulation induced body turn responses. In contrast, stimulation of the uncrossed pathway induced short-latency upward head movements followed by longer-latency defense-like behaviors including retreat and flight. The novel discovery was that while the evoked orienting responses were stereotyped, the defense-like responses varied considerably depending on the environment, suggesting that uncrossed output can be influenced by top-down modification of the SC or its target areas. This further suggests that the connection of the SCd-defense system with non-motor, affective and cognitive structures. Tracing the whole axonal trajectories of these two pathways revealed existence of both ascending and descending branches targeting different areas in the thalamus, midbrain, pons, medulla, and/or spinal cord, including projections which could not be detected in the classical studies; the crossed pathway has some ipsilaterally descending collaterals and the uncrossed pathway has some contralaterally descending collaterals. Some of the connections might explain the context-dependent modulation of the defense-like responses. Thus, the classical views on the tectal output systems are updated.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.