ArticleCancers2020
Exhaustion of Protective Heat Shock Response Induces Significant Tumor Damage by Apoptosis after Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Isografts in Mice.
Article in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Enhancing Cancer Therapy with Hyperthermia: Synergistic Effects with Natural Compounds and Conventional Treatments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bioelectromagnetism for Cancer Treatment-Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Review
- Effects of low-frequency ultrasound combined with microbubbles on breast cancer xenografts in nude mice.Global health & medicine · 2024Article
- Combination of US hyperthermia and radiotherapy on a preclinical glioblastoma model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Ivermectin Synergizes with Modulated Electro-hyperthermia and Improves Its Anticancer Effects in a Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Mouse Model.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- Pulsing Addition to Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Heat shock factor 1 inhibition enhances the effects of modulated electro hyperthermia in a triple negative breast cancer mouse model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Enhancing therapeutic efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer and melanoma: synergistic effects of modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) with NSAIDs especially COX-2 inhibition in in vivo models.Molecular oncology · 2024Article
- Local Production of Acute Phase Proteins: A Defense Reaction of Cancer Cells to Injury with Focus on Fibrinogen.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia Accelerates Tumor Delivery and Improves Anticancer Activity of Doxorubicin Encapsulated in Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposomes in 4T1-Tumor-Bearing Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Digoxin-Mediated Inhibition of Potential Hypoxia-Related Angiogenic Repair in Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia (mEHT)-Treated Murine Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Model.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- Recent Preclinical and Clinical Progress in Liposomal Doxorubicin.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Cause Non-Temperature-Induced Physical and Biological Effects in Cancer Cells.Cancers · 2022Article
- Review
- A New Role of Acute Phase Proteins: Local Production Is an Ancient, General Stress-Response System of Mammalian Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is a complementary antitumor therapy applying capacitive radiofrequency at 13.56 MHz. Here we tested the efficiency of mEHT treatment in a BALB/c mouse isograft model using the firefly luciferase-transfected triple-negative breast cancer cell line, 4T1. Tumors inoculated orthotopically were treated twice using a novel ergonomic pole electrode and an improved mEHT device (LabEHY 200) at 0.7 ± 0.3 W for 30 min. Tumors were treated one, two, or three times every 48 h. Tumor growth was followed by IVIS, caliper, and ultrasound. Tumor destruction histology and molecular changes using immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR were also revealed. In vivo, mEHT treatment transitionally elevated Hsp70 expression in surviving cells indicating heat shock-related cell stress, while IVIS fluorescence showed a significant reduction of viable tumor cell numbers. Treated tumor centers displayed significant microscopic tumor damage with prominent signs of apoptosis, and major upregulation of cleaved/activated caspase-3-positive tumor cells. Serial sampling demonstrated substantial elevation of heat shock (Hsp70) response twelve hours after the treatment which was exhausted by twenty-four hours after treatment. Heat shock inhibitors Quercetin or KRIBB11 could synergistically amplify mEHT-induced tumor apoptosis in vitro. In conclusion, modulated electro-hyperthermia exerted a protective heat shock response as a clear sign of tumor cell stress. Exhaustion of the HSR manifested in caspase-dependent apoptotic tumor cell death and tissue damage of triple-negative breast cancer after mEHT monotherapy. Inhibiting the HSR synergistically increased the effect of mEHT. This finding has great translational potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.