ReviewClinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society2021
Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation in cancer: therapeutic implications.
Review in Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Environmental Enrichment in Cancer as a Possible Tool to Combat Tumor Development: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of combined epidural-general anesthesia on long-term survival of patients with colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.International journal of colorectal disease · 2022Pooled it
- Cancer and Hypertension: Shared Mechanisms, Treatment Interactions, and Clinical Management.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Cancer-related pain: A bidirectional modulator of cancer progression.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Cancer pain.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- The neuroimmune axis in breast cancer: from mechanistic insights to clinical applications.BMC medicine · 2026Review
- Cancer Neoaxonogenesis: Mechanisms and Factors Involved in the Recruitment of Peripheral Nerves by Cancer Tissue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Nerves Stimulate Cross-talk Between Gastric Cancer and Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells to Enhance Immunosuppression.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Adjusting Autonomic Physiology with Diet and Minerals to Improve Health.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Neuro-tumor interactions in peripheral tumors.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Exploration of precise classification and therapeutic targets of breast cancer based on genes related to neuro-cancer crosstalk.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Targeting the Neuro-Immune Axis in Next-Generation Oncology: Discovery and Validation of βOncology research · 2026Review
- Neuro-immune interactions in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Neuroimmune Axis in Gastric Cancer: Bridging Neural Regulation, Tumor Microenvironment, and Immunotherapy.Oncology research · 2026Review
- The neuro-immune axis in cancer: mechanisms of neural regulation of immunity within the tumor microenvironment to promote cancer progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Reprogramming neural-tumor crosstalk: emerging therapeutic dimensions and targeting strategies.Military Medical Research · 2025Review
- New Horizons with Growth Differentiation Factor 15 in Oncology: From Cancer Cachexia and Tumour Immunity to Novel Therapeutic Strategies.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- A Novel Theoretical Hypothesis on Comorbidity in the Elderly-The Disease of Sympathetic Overdrive (DSO).Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2025Article
- Sensory neurotransmission and pain in solid tumor progression.Trends in cancer · 2025Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe autonomic nervous system, consisting of sympathetic and parasympathetic/vagal nerves, is known to control the functions of any organ, maintaining whole-body homeostasis under physiological conditions. Recently, there has been increasing evidence linking sympathetic and parasympathetic/vagal nerves to cancers. The present review aimed to summarize recent developments from studies addressing the relationship between sympathetic and parasympathetic/vagal nerves and cancer behavior.
methodsLiterature review.
resultsHuman and animal studies have revealed that sympathetic and parasympathetic/vagal nerves innervate the cancer microenvironment and alter cancer behavior. The sympathetic nerves have cancer-promoting effects on prostate cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma. On the other hand, while the parasympathetic/vagal nerves have cancer-promoting effects on prostate, gastric, and colorectal cancers, they have cancer-suppressing effects on breast and pancreatic cancers. These neural effects may be mediated by β-adrenergic or muscarinic receptors and can be explained by changes in cancer cell behavior, angiogenesis, tumor-associated macrophages, and adaptive antitumor immunity.
conclusionsSympathetic nerves innervating the tumor microenvironment promote cancer progression and are related to stress-induced cancer behavior. The parasympathetic/vagal nerves have variable (promoting or suppressing) effects on different cancer types. Approaches directed toward the sympathetic and parasympathetic/vagal nerves can be developed as a new cancer therapy. In addition to existing pharmacological, surgical, and electrical approaches, a recently developed virus vector-based genetic local neuroengineering technology is a powerful approach that selectively manipulates specific types of nerve fibers innervating the cancer microenvironment and leads to the suppression of cancer progression. This technology will enable the creation of "cancer neural therapy" individually tailored to different cancer types.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.