Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32926105›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2020

Associations of Eye-Related Quality of Life With Vision, Visuomotor Function, and Self-Perception in Children With Strabismus and Anisometropia.

Eileen E Birch, Yolanda S Castañeda, Christina S Cheng-Patel, Sarah E Morale, Krista R Kelly, Reed M Jost, Lindsey A Hudgins, David A Leske, Jonathan M Holmes

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Interventions for improving adherence to amblyopia treatments in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Amblyopia and the whole child.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2023
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Eileen E BirchRetina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas, United States.
Yolanda S CastañedaRetina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas, United States.
Christina S Cheng-PatelRetina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas, United States.
Sarah E MoraleRetina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas, United States.
Krista R KellyRetina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas, United States.
Reed M JostRetina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas, United States.
Lindsey A HudginsRetina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas, United States.
David A LeskeOphthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States.
Jonathan M HolmesOphthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States.
Retina Foundation of the Southwest · USMayo Clinic · USThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · US

Funding

Binocular Vision, Amblyopia, and Refractive Development in EsotropiaR01EY022313 · NEI · RETINA FOUNDATION OF THE SOUTHWEST · PI Eileen Elizabeth Birch · 2012 to 2026
$7.0M
Outcome Measures for Clinical Trials in Pediatric Eye Care and StrabismusR01EY024333 · NEI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI FAUTSCH, MICHAEL P. · 2014 to 2018
$3.3M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY022313NEI NIH HHS R01 EY024333
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate associations between eye-related quality of life (ER-QOL) assessed by the Child Pediatric Eye Questionnaire (Child PedEyeQ) and functional measures (vision, visuomotor function, self-perception) in children with strabismus, anisometropia, or both. Our hypothesis was that children with functional deficits would have lower ER-QOL, and if so, these associations would support the convergent construct validity of the Child PedEyeQ. Methods: We evaluated 114 children (ages 5-11 years) with strabismus, anisometropia, or both. Each child completed the Child PedEyeQ to assess four Rasch-scored domains of ER-QOL: Functional Vision, Bothered by Eyes/Vision, Social, and Frustration/Worry. In addition, children completed one or more functional tests: visual acuity (n = 114), Randot Preschool Stereoacuity (n = 92), contrast balance index (suppression; n = 91), Readalyzer reading (n = 44), vergence instability (n = 50), Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 manual dexterity (n = 57), and Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children (n = 44). Results: Child PedEyeQ Functional Vision domain scores were correlated with self-perception of physical competence (rs = 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35-0.96) and reading speed (rs = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.16-0.77). Bothered by Eyes/Vision domain scores were correlated with self-perception of physical competence (rs = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.21-0.83). Moderate correlations were observed between Social domain scores and vergence instability (rs = -0.46; 95% CI, -0.76 to -0.15) and self-perception of physical competence (rs = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.12-0.73) and peer acceptance (rs = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.18-0.80). Frustration/Worry domain scores were moderately correlated with self-perception of physical competence (rs = 0.41; 95% CI, 0.10-0.71) and peer acceptance (rs = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.16-0.77). Conclusions: Strong and moderate correlations were observed between functional measures and Child PedEyeQ domain scores. These associations provide supporting evidence that the Child PedEyeQ has convergent construct validity.

Indexed as

Quality of LifeSelf ConceptVisual AcuityAnisometropiaChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleStrabismusVision, Binocular

Identifiers

PMID32926105
PMCPMC7490229
OpenAlexW3087600042

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.