SynthesisPLoS neglected tropical diseases2020
A systematic review of the untreated mortality of murine typhus.
Synthesis in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in Vietnam.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Etiological spectrum of persistent fever in the tropics and predictors of ubiquitous infections: a prospective four-country study with pooled analysis.BMC medicine · 2022Trial
- Outcomes of Hospitalized and Critically Ill Adults with Murine Typhus, Galveston, Texas, USA, 2019-2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Review
- A repetitive nucleotide insertion in the rplV gene is associated with in vitro resistance to azithromycin in Rickettsia typhi.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Scrub and murine typhus seroprevalence among blood donors in Laos.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- The Paucity of Typical Pathology: An Autopsy Series of Typhus Group Rickettsiosis-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targeting surface cell antigen 2 increases sensitivity of Rickettsia typhi detection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Complete genomes of Rickettsia typhi reveal a clonal population.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Bioinformatics analysis of Rickettsia typhi autoimmune associations and screening of Streptomyces-derived inhibitors.BioData mining · 2025Article
- Epidemiological and clinical predictors of murine typhus in hospitalized patients in central israel: association with urban construction.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Article
- Estimating scrub typhus and murine typhus incidence among adolescents and adults in Yangon, Myanmar.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
- Prevalence and risk factors for murine typhus, scrub typhus and spotted fever group rickettsioses among adolescent and adult patients presenting to Yangon General Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
- Beyond the Fever: A Serial Report on Moderate to Severe Murine Typhus Cases and Diagnostic Hurdles in Indonesia.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of Murine Typhus in Taiwan from 2013 to 2020.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Severe Rickettsia typhi Infections, Costa Rica.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Murine Typhus: A Review of a Reemerging Flea-Borne Rickettsiosis with Potential for Neurologic Manifestations and Sequalae.Infectious disease reports · 2023Review
- Identification of promising methionine aminopeptidase enzyme inhibitors: A combine study of comprehensive virtual screening and dynamics simulation study.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023Article
- Flea-Borne Typhus Presenting with Acalculous Cholecystitis and Severe Anemia.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2022Review
- Systematic Surveillance of Rickettsial Diseases in 27 Hospitals from 26 Provinces throughout Vietnam.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Murine typhus is an acute febrile, flea-borne disease caused by the bacteria Rickettsia typhi. The disease occurs worldwide but is likely underrecognized due to its non-specific symptoms, causing significant morbidity. A systematic review found disease complications in one-fourth of all patients and a long fever duration in those untreated. Although mortality in treated cases is estimated to be very low, some case series have shown a notably higher mortality in untreated patients. This study aimed to describe the outcomes and estimate the mortality of untreated murine typhus through a comprehensive systematic literature review. We systematically searched the literature for articles describing untreated murine typhus patients, excluding cases with no laboratory assay confirmed diagnosis, those who received efficacious treatment, had incomplete information on primary outcome and articles describing less than 10 patients and performed a narrative synthesis of the study findings. The study protocol followed the PRISMA guidelines and was part of a more extensive protocol registered at PROSPERO (CRD42018101991). Twelve studies including a total of 239 untreated patients matched the eligibility criteria. Only a single study reported one death in 28 patients, giving a patient series mortality of 3.6% and an overall mortality of 0.4% in 239 untreated patients. Complications were reported in 10 of the 12 studies and included involvement of the central nervous system, kidney and lung, with a hospitalisation rate of 70% and ICU admission rate of 27% in one study. The mean duration of fever in untreated patients was 15 days in two and 12.7 days in one study. Although the untreated mortality in this study was low, the sample size was small. Murine typhus caused significant morbidity when untreated, leading to high hospitalisation rates and highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of this neglected disease to reduce disease burden and health-care related costs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.