ArticleMedicine2020
IRF1-mediated immune cell infiltration is associated with metastasis in colon adenocarcinoma.
Article in Medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding the complexity of tumor-associated macrophages: Druggable and therapeutic insights.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Immunological and pathological characteristics of brain parenchymal and leptomeningeal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.Cell discovery · 2025Article
- EBV-Induced LINC00944: A Driver of Oral Cancer Progression and Influencer of Macrophage Differentiation.Cancers · 2025Article
- Opposing tumor-cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic roles of the IRF1 transcription factor in antitumor immunity.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Single-cell analysis of the survival mechanisms of fratricidal CAR-T targeting of T cell malignancies.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
- Correlation analysis of PBX family with immune invasion and drug sensitivity in colon adenocarcinoma.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Novel tumor-associated macrophage populations and subpopulations by single cell RNA sequencing.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Development and validation of a survival prediction model for 113,239 patients with colon cancer: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2022Article
- Identification of lymph node metastasis-related genes and patterns of immune infiltration in colon adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Six Genes Associated with Lymphatic Metastasis in Colon Adenocarcinoma Linked to Prognostic Value and Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Transcriptional Regulation of Cancer Immune Checkpoints: Emerging Strategies for Immunotherapy.Vaccines · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEvidence suggests that metastasis is chiefly responsible for the poor prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). The tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in regulating this biological process. However, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. The aim of this study was to identify crucial metastasis-related biomarkers in the tumor microenvironment and investigate its association with tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
methodsWe obtained gene expression profiles and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. According to the "Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissue using Expression data" algorithm, each sample generated the immune and stromal scores. Following correlation analysis, the metastasis-related gene was identified in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and validated in the GSE40967 dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus. The correlation between metastasis-related gene and infiltrating immune cells was assessed using the Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource database.
resultsThe analysis included 332 patients; the metastatic COAD samples showed a low immune score. Correlation analysis results showed that interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) was associated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Furthermore, significant associations between IRF1 and CD8+ T cells, T cell (general), dendritic cells, T-helper 1 cells, and T cell exhaustion were demonstrated by Spearmans correlation coefficients and P values.
conclusionsThe present findings suggest that IRF1 is associated with metastasis and the degree of immune infiltration of CD8+ T cells (general), dendritic cells, T-helper 1 cells, and T cell exhaustion in COAD. These results may provide information for immunotherapy in colon cancer.
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