ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2020
Corneal Nerve and Brain Imaging in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efficacy and Limitations of Corneal Confocal Microscopy in Evaluating ATTRv-PN.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Exploring Alzheimer Disease from a Retinal and Ocular Perspective.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Beyond the Amyloid Hypothesis: Systemic Drivers, CNS-PNS Crosstalk, and the Future of Alzheimer's Disease Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Ocular changes as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Cornea Oculomics: A Clinical Blueprint for Extending Corneal Diagnostics and Artificial Intelligence in Systemic Health Insights.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Greater exposure to PMEnvironmental health : a global access science source · 2024Observational
- Corneal innervation changes ın Alzheimer's: implications for sensory dysfunction.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Oculomics: A Crusade Against the Four Horsemen of Chronic Disease.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2024Review
- Potential Ocular Biomarkers for Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease and Their Roles in Artificial Intelligence Studies.Neurology and therapy · 2023Review
- Corneal nerve loss predicts dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2023Article
- The Eye as a Diagnostic Tool for Alzheimer's Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cognitive Performance and Diabetic Retinopathy: What Your Eyes Can Reveal About Your Brain.Current diabetes reviews · 2023Article
- Artificial Intelligence and Corneal Confocal Microscopy: The Start of a Beautiful Relationship.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Risk factors for cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Brazil: a prospective observational study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2022Article
- Using Corneal Confocal Microscopy to Identify Therapeutic Agents for Diabetic Neuropathy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Corneal Confocal Microscopy and the Nervous System: Introduction to the Special Issue.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Loss of corneal nerves and brain volume in mild cognitive impairment and dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2022Article
- Corneal nerve fiber loss relates to cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2021Article
- Tau associated peripheral and central neurodegeneration: Identification of an early imaging marker for tauopathy.Neurobiology of disease · 2021Article
- Corneal Confocal Microscopy to Image Small Nerve Fiber Degeneration: Ophthalmology Meets Neurology.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
29 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVisual rating of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) is an accepted structural neuroimaging marker of Alzheimer's disease. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a non-invasive ophthalmic technique that detects neuronal loss in peripheral and central neurodegenerative disorders.
objectiveTo determine the diagnostic accuracy of CCM for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia compared to medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) rating on MRI.
methodsSubjects aged 60-85 with no cognitive impairment (NCI), MCI, and dementia based on the ICD-10 criteria were recruited. Subjects underwent cognitive screening, CCM, and MTA rating on MRI.
results182 subjects with NCI (n = 36), MCI (n = 80), and dementia (n = 66), including AD (n = 19, 28.8%), VaD (n = 13, 19.7%), and mixed AD (n = 34, 51.5%) were studied. CCM showed a progressive reduction in corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD, fibers/mm2) (32.0±7.5 versus 24.5±9.6 and 20.8±9.3, p < 0.0001), branch density (CNBD, branches/mm2) (90.9±46.5 versus 59.3±35.7 and 53.9±38.7, p < 0.0001), and fiber length (CNFL, mm/mm2) (22.9±6.1 versus 17.2±6.5 and 15.8±7.4, p < 0.0001) in subjects with MCI and dementia compared to NCI. The area under the ROC curve (95% CI) for the diagnostic accuracy of CNFD, CNBD, CNFL compared to MTA-right and MTA-left for MCI was 78% (67-90%), 82% (72-92%), 86% (77-95%) versus 53% (36-69%) and 40% (25-55%), respectively, and for dementia it was 85% (76-94%), 84% (75-93%), 85% (76-94%) versus 86% (76-96%) and 82% (72-92%), respectively.
conclusionThe diagnostic accuracy of CCM, a non-invasive ophthalmic biomarker of neurodegeneration, was high and comparable with MTA rating for dementia but was superior to MTA rating for MCI.
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