ReviewExpert opinion on drug delivery2021
Emerging skin-targeted drug delivery strategies to engineer immunity: A focus on infectious diseases.
Review in Expert opinion on drug delivery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advances of microneedle technology for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Integrating Polymeric 3D-Printed Microneedles with Wearable Devices: Toward Smart and Personalized Healthcare Solutions.Polymers · 2025Review
- Advances in Cell-Mediated Drug Delivery for Dermatologic Diseases: Mechanisms and Current Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Beyond the Needle: Innovative Microneedle-Based Transdermal Vaccination.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Why the Jenner/Pasteur paradigm is insufficient for controlling vector-borne diseases and the role of microbiota-mediated interactions.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025Review
- Advancements in Materials for 3D-Printed Microneedle Arrays: Enhancing Performance and Biocompatibility.Micromachines · 2024Review
- Hepatitis B vaccine delivered by microneedle patch: Immunogenicity in mice and rhesus macaques.Vaccine · 2023Article
- Protection against tuberculosis achieved by dissolving microneedle patches loaded with liveFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Review
- A microarray patch SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces sustained antibody responses and polyfunctional cellular immunity.iScience · 2022Article
- Advanced Materials for SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2022Review
- Immune Response after Skin Delivery of a Recombinant Heat-Labile Enterotoxin B Subunit of EnterotoxigenicPharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Research Techniques Made Simple: Skin-Targeted Drug and Vaccine Delivery Using Dissolvable Microneedle Arrays.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2021Article
- Microarray patches enable the development of skin-targeted vaccines against COVID-19.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionInfectious pathogens are global disrupters. Progress in biomedical science and technology has expanded the public health arsenal against infectious diseases. Specifically, vaccination has reduced the burden of infectious pathogens. Engineering systemic immunity by harnessing the cutaneous immune network has been particularly attractive since the skin is an easily accessible immune-responsive organ. Recent advances in skin-targeted drug delivery strategies have enabled safe, patient-friendly, and controlled deployment of vaccines to cutaneous microenvironments for inducing long-lived pathogen-specific immunity to mitigate infectious diseases, including COVID-19. AREAS COVERED: This review briefly discusses the basics of cutaneous immunomodulation and provides a concise overview of emerging skin-targeted drug delivery systems that enable safe, minimally invasive, and effective intracutaneous administration of vaccines for engineering systemic immune responses to combat infectious diseases. EXPERT OPINION:
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.