ArticleJournal of comorbidity
Multimorbidity and mortality in Ontario, Canada: A population-based retrospective cohort study.
Article in Journal of comorbidity. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk prediction models for mortality in patients with multimorbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Primary Care Attachment and Long-Term Mortality in Burn Survivors: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association · 2026Article
- Machine learning identifies clusters of multimorbidity among decedents with inflammatory bowel disease.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Machine learning prediction of premature death from multimorbidity among people with inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based retrospective cohort study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Multimorbidity prevalence and health outcome prediction: assessing the impact of lookback periods, disease count, and definition criteria in health administrative data at the population-based level.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- Comorbidity patterns in cardiovascular diseases: the role of life-stage and socioeconomic status.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Age, sex, residence, and region-specific differences in prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among older Chinese: evidence from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.BMC public health · 2022Article
- eHealth Interventions Targeting Poor Diet, Alcohol Use, Tobacco Smoking, and Vaping Among Disadvantaged Youth: Protocol for a Systematic Review.JMIR research protocols · 2022Article
- Associations between multiple long-term conditions and mortality in diverse ethnic groups.PloS one · 2022Article
- Development and validation of a new prognostic index for mortality risk in multimorbid adults.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- The experience of older adults living with multimorbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic: A phenomenological study.Journal of multimorbidity and comorbidityArticle
- The effect of disease onset chronology on mortality among patients with multimorbidity: A Danish nationwide register study.Journal of multimorbidity and comorbidityArticle
- The incidence of multimorbidity and patterns in accumulation of chronic conditions: A systematic review.Journal of multimorbidity and comorbidityReview
- Mortality among Canadian population with multimorbidity: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of multimorbidity and comorbidityArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the relationship between multimorbidity and mortality, and whether relationship varied by material deprivation/rural location and by age.
methodsRetrospective population-based cohort study conducted using 2013-14 data from previously created cohort of Ontario, Canada residents classified according to whether or not they had multimorbidity, defined as having 3+ of 17 chronic conditions. Adjusted rate ratios were calculated to compare mortality rates for those with and without multimorbidity, comparing rates by material deprivation/rural location, and by age group.
resultsThere were 13,581,191 people in the cohort ages 0 to 105 years; 15.2% had multimorbidity. Median length of observation was 365 days. Adjusted mortality rate ratios did not vary by material deprivation/rural location; overall adjusted mortality rate ratio was 2.41 (95% CI 2.37-2.45). Adjusted mortality rate ratios varied by age with ratios decreasing as age increased. Overall rate ratio was 14.7 (95% CI 14.48-14.91). Children (0-17 years) had highest ratio, 40.06 (95% CI 26.21-61.22). Youngest adult age group (18-24 years) had rate ratio of 9.96 (95% CI 7.18-13.84); oldest age group (80+ years) had rate ratio of 1.97 (95% CI 1.94-2.04).
conclusionCompared to people without multimorbidity, multimorbidity conferred higher risk of death in this study at all age groups. Risk was greater in early and middle adulthood than in older ages. Results reinforce the fact multimorbidity is not just a problem of aging, and multimorbidity leads not only to poorer health and higher health care utilization, but also to a higher risk of death at a younger age.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.