ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2020
Incidence and Intensity of Catastrophic Health-care Expenditure for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Care in Iran: Determinants and Inequality.
Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Financial Toxicity in Diabetes: The State of What We Know.Current diabetes reports · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Article
- The Association Between Anthropometric Indices and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From the Population-Based Bandare Kong Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Catastrophic health expenditure and associated factors among adult diabetes patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- The financial burden of noncommunicable diseases from out-of-pocket expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.Health promotion international · 2024Article
- Household financial burden associated with out-of-pocket payments for healthcare in Iran: insights from a cross-sectional survey.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a study based on a population-based survey in Iran.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- Socioeconomic Inequalities in Out-of-Pocket and Catastrophic Health Expenditures in Pakistan.International journal of public health · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review of Possible Solutions for Decreasing Socioeconomic Inequalities in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Out-of-pocket expenditure among patients with diabetes in Bangladesh: A nation-wide population-based study.Health policy OPEN · 2023Article
- Equity and extent of financial risk protection indicators during COVID-19 pandemic in rural part of Tamil Nadu, India.Heliyon · 2023Article
- The Variations in Catastrophic and Impoverishing Health Expenditures, and Its Determinants in Iran: A Scoping Review.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2023Article
- Multimorbidity and catastrophic health expenditure among patients with diabetes in China: a nationwide population-based study.BMJ global health · 2022Article
- The burden of catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditure in Armenia: An analysis of Integrated Living Conditions Surveys, 2014-2018.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Catastrophic Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure Among Rural Households in the Semi-Pastoral Community, Western Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe present study aimed to assess the prevalence and intensity of catastrophic health-care expenditures (CHE) relating to type 2 diabetes mellitus care and inequality in facing such expenditures in Iran.
methodsA total of 1065 type 2 diabetes patients were included in this cross-sectional study. A multistage sampling method was used to select the samples. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, economic status, health and diabetic costs were collected using a self-constructed questionnaire. We used capacity to pay (CTP) of households to calculate the incidence of CHE due to diabetic care at four different thresholds. The mean positive overshoot (MPO) and overshoot were used to assess the intensity of CHE. The relative concentration index and slope index of inequality (SII) were used to measure socioeconomic-related inequalities in incidences of CHE. In addition, decomposition methods were used to identify the main factors affecting observed inequality in CHE.
resultsThe incidence of CHE at the 10, 20, 30, and 40% of CTP thresholds for type 2 diabetes mellitus care was 57.5, 28.9, 16.5, and 11.4%, respectively. The results of CI and SII indices for CHE due to diabetic care indicated that the incidence of CHE was more prevalent among patients with lower socioeconomic groups. The decomposition analysis showed that the socioeconomic status, marital status and gender of patients were the main factors contributing to socioeconomic inequality in incidence of CHE among the poor.
conclusionOur study demonstrated that the incidence and intensity of CHE due to diabetic care were relatively high, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged patients. Modification to the present health care financing strategies is recommended in order to protect lower socioeconomic groups against the financial burden of diabetic care.
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