ArticleActa bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis2020
Iron overload and Hepcidin overexpression could play a key role in COVID infection, and may explain vulnerability in elderly, diabetics, and obese patients.
Article in Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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27 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Patients With Diabetes: Narrative Review.JMIR diabetes · 2026Review
- Review
- Mitochondria-mediated Ferroptosis in Diseases Therapy: From Molecular Mechanisms to Implications.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Precision nutrition to reset virus-induced human metabolic reprogramming and dysregulation (HMRD) in long-COVID.NPJ science of food · 2024Review
- The role of cell death in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- COVID-19 induced liver injury from a new perspective: Mitochondria.Mitochondrion · 2023Review
- Effects of Tocilizumab on Inflammation and Iron Metabolism in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- The role of ferroptosis in virus infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Deferoxamine has the Potential to Improve the COVID-19-Related Inflammatory Response in Diabetic Patients.International journal of peptide research and therapeutics · 2023Review
- The beneficial role of Hepcidin peptide inhibitor in improved the symptoms of COVID-19 in diabetics: anti-inflammatory and potential therapeutic effects.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2022Review
- Biomarkers for iron metabolism among patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, bacteria, and influenza.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2022Article
- Nutrition as Personalized Medicine against SARS-CoV-2 Infections: Clinical and Oncological Options with a Specific Female Groups Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Hyperferritinemia, Low Circulating Iron and Elevated Hepcidin May Negatively Impact Outcome in COVID-19 Patients: A Pilot Study.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Laboratory medicine in pandemic of COVID-19.Biochemia medica · 2022Article
- Deciphering the immunoboosting potential of macro and micronutrients in COVID support therapy.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Review
- COVID-19, inflammatory response, iron homeostasis and toxicity: a prospective cohort study in the Emergency Department of Piacenza (Italy).Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2022Article
- The role of ferroptosis in acute lung injury.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2022Review
- Ferroptosis in COVID-19-related liver injury: A potential mechanism and therapeutic target.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- COVID-19, Cation Dysmetabolism, Sialic Acid, CD147, ACE2, Viroporins, Hepcidin and Ferroptosis: A Possible Unifying Hypothesis.F1000Research · 2022Review
- Is Ferroptosis a Key Component of the Process Leading to Multiorgan Damage in COVID-19?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe COVID epidemic hit like a tsunami worldwide. At the time of its arrival in Italy, available literary data were meager, and most of them concerned its epidemiology. World Health Organization proposed guidelines in march 2020, a strategy of treatment has been developed, and a significant number of subsequent articles have been published to understand, prevent, and cure COVID patients.
methodsFrom the observation of two patients, we performed a careful analysis of scientific literature to unearth the relation between COVID infection, clinical manifestations as pneumonia and thrombosis, and to find out why it frequently affects obese, diabetics, and elderly patients.
resultsThe analysis shows that hepcidin could represent one of such correlating factors. Hepcidin is most elevated in older age, in non-insulin diabetics patients and in obese people. It is the final target therapy of many medicaments frequently used. Viral disease, and in particular SARS-CoV19, could induce activation of the hepcidin pathway, which in turn is responsible for an increase in the iron load. Excess of iron can lead to cell death by ferroptosis and release into the bloodstream, such as free iron, which in turn has toxic and pro-coagulative effects.
conclusionsOverexpression of hepcidin and iron overload might play a crucial role in COVID infection, becoming potential targets for treatment. Hepcidin could also be considered as a biomarker to measure the effectiveness of our treatments and the restoration of iron homeostasis the final intent. (www.actabiomedica.it).
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