Trial reportJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2020
Virtual reality-based treatment for regaining upper extremity function induces cortex grey matter changes in persons with acquired brain injury.
Trial report in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05084820 (Effects of Action Observation Treatment on Motor Function in Upper Limb of Patients With Chronic Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Action Observation Treatment on Motor Function in Upper Limb of Patients With Chronic Stroke
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- The study of the effect of virtual reality technology combined with sports games on improving cognitive function in patients with brain injury: a meta analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- NintendoInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Leap Motion Controller Video Game-Based Therapy for Upper Extremity Motor Recovery in Patients with Central Nervous System Diseases. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of task-oriented training assisted by force feedback hand rehabilitation robot on finger grasping function in stroke patients with hemiplegia: a randomised controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Could Immersive Virtual Reality Facilitate the Recovery of Survivors of Critical Illness? A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Traumatic Brain Injury: Novel Experimental Approaches and Treatment Possibilities.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Study protocol for impact of visual inhaler technique instructions on short-term outcomes in hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Chinese ethnic dance therapy: cultural anthropology and health science perspectives on Tujia ethnic dances.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Virtual reality exergames for enhancing engagement in stroke rehabilitation: A narrative review.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Being in Virtual Reality and Its Influence on Brain Health-An Overview of Benefits, Limitations and Prospects.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Brain white matter correlates of learning ankle tracking using a wearable device: importance of the superior longitudinal fasciculus II.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Advanced brain age in deployment-related traumatic brain injury: A LIMBIC-CENC neuroimaging study.Brain injury · 2022Article
- Additional Effects of Xbox Kinect Training on Upper Limb Function in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Randomized Control Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Virtual Reality for Neurorehabilitation and Cognitive Enhancement.Brain sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIndividuals with acquired brain injuries (ABI) are in need of neurorehabilitation and neurorepair. Virtual anatomical interactivity (VAI) presents a digital game-like format in which ABI survivors with upper limb paresis use an unaffected limb to control a standard input device and a commonplace computer mouse to control virtual limb movements and tasks in a virtual world.
methodsIn a prospective cohort study, 35 ambulatory survivors of ABI (25/71% stroke, 10/29% traumatic brain injury) were enrolled. The subjects were divided into three groups: group A received VAI therapy only, group B received VAI and physical/occupational therapy (P/OT), and group C received P/OT only. Motor skills were evaluated by muscle strength (hand key pinch strength, grasp, and three-jaw chuck pinch) and active range of motion (AROM) of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist. Changes were analyzed by ANOVA, ANCOVA, and one-tailed Pearson correlation analysis. MRI data was acquired for group A, and volumetric changes in grey matter were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and correlated with quantified motor skills.
resultsAROM of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist improved in all three groups. VBM revealed grey matter increases in five brain areas: the tail of the hippocampus, the left caudate, the rostral cingulate zone, the depth of the central sulcus, and the visual cortex. A positive correlation between the grey matter volumes in three cortical regions (motor and premotor and supplementary motor areas) and motor test results (power and AROM) was detected.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that the VAI rehabilitation program significantly improved motor function and skills in the affected upper extremities of subjects with acquired brain injuries. Significant increases in grey matter volume in the motor and premotor regions of affected hemisphere and correlations of motor skills and volume in nonaffected brain regions were present, suggesting marked changes in structural brain plasticity.
trial registrationThe trial "Limitations of motor brain activity - use of virtual reality for simulation of therapeutic interventions" has been registered under reference number ISRCTN11757651 .
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.