Trial reportNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2021
Left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in adolescents: a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial.
Trial report in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07185438 (Feasibility, Safety, and Preliminary Clinical Efficacy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-guided Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation), which is not on this map. Cited by 64 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Feasibility, Safety, and Preliminary Clinical Efficacy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-guided Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in Adolescents With Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Pilot Study
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in youth with depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized sham-controlled trials.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in children and young people with psychiatric disorders: a systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Metabolomics in Depression: What We Learn from Preclinical and Clinical Evidences.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Pooled it
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves cognition, depression, and walking ability in patients with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Treatment Response of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Intellectually Capable Youth and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuropsychology review · 2023Pooled it
- Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for children and adolescents with first-episode and drug-naïve major depressive disorder: A systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of adolescent depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated and individual-patient data from uncontrolled studies.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- A Dose-Finding, Biomarker Validation, and Effectiveness Study of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Adolescents With Depression.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2025Trial
- A Multisite, 6-Month, Open-Label Study of Maintenance Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Adolescents with Treatment-Resistant Depression.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Neurostructural Differences in Adolescents With Treatment-Resistant Depression and Treatment Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Temporal Interference Stimulation Targeting the Right Amygdala in Adolescents With Depression: A Pilot Feasibility Study.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Article
- Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS), Benefits and Adverse Effects in Patients with Depression: A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- TMS in adolescent depression: A milestone FDA clearance.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- A depression-like phenotype is associated with discrete defects in the primary hippocampal circuit.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- When to Consider Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Youth With Depression Given Promising Data on Effectiveness-Authors' Reply.JAACAP open · 2026Article
- When to Consider Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Youth With Depression Given Promising Data on Effectiveness.JAACAP open · 2026Article
- The role of altered decision dynamics and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to amygdala causal circuitry in the aberrant efficacy of emotion suppression in subthreshold depression.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Understanding the emergence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in adolescence from a brain and behavioral developmental perspective.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Advances in the Clinical Application of Neurostimulation in Major Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is prevalent and associated with a substantial psychosocial burden and mortality. There are few prior studies of interventions for TRD in adolescents. This was the largest study to date examining the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of 10-Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for adolescents with TRD. Adolescents with TRD (aged 12-21 years) were enrolled in a randomized, sham-controlled trial of TMS across 13 sites. Treatment resistance was defined as an antidepressant treatment record level of 1 to 4 in a current episode of depression. Intention-to-treat patients (n = 103) included those randomly assigned to active NeuroStar TMS monotherapy (n = 48) or sham TMS (n = 55) for 30 daily treatments over 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure was change in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D-24) score. After 6 weeks of blinded treatment, improvement in the least-squares mean (SE) HAM-D-24 scores were similar between the active (-11.1 [2.03]) and sham groups (-10.6 [2.00]; P = 0.8; difference [95% CI], - 0.5 [-4.2 to 3.3]). Response rates were 41.7% in the active group and 36.4% in the sham group (P = 0.6). Remission rates were 29.2% in the active group and 29.0% in the sham group (P = 0.95). There were no new tolerability or safety signals in adolescents. Although TMS treatment produced a clinically meaningful change in depressive symptom severity, this did not differ from sham treatment. Future studies should focus on strategies to reduce the placebo response and examine the optimal dosing of TMS for adolescents with TRD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.