Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32919037›Full record

SynthesisBrain, behavior, and immunity2020

Patterning of educational attainment across inflammatory markers: Findings from a multi-cohort study.

Marine Maurel, Raphaële Castagné, Eloïse Berger, Murielle Bochud, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Silvia Fraga, Martina Gandini, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Sirpa Jalkanen, Mika Kivimäki and 10 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 12 institutions in 7 countries.

Marine MaurelUMR1027, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Inserm, Toulouse, France.
Raphaële CastagnéUMR1027, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Inserm, Toulouse, France.
Eloïse BergerUMR1027, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Inserm, Toulouse, France.
Murielle BochudPsychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1004, Switzerland.
Marc Chadeau-HyamMRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
Silvia FragaEPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Martina GandiniEpidemiology Unit, ASL TO3 Piedmont Region, Grugliasco 10095, Italy; Environmental Epidemiological Unit, Regional Environmental Protection Agency, Piedmont Region, Via Pio VII 9, 10135 Turin, Italy.
Nina Hutri-KähönenDepartment of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Sirpa JalkanenMediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Mika KivimäkiDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 20, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
Michael MarmotUCL Institute of Health Equity, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, 1-19 Torrington Place, WC1E 6BT, London.
Cathal McCroryDepartment of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
Martin PreisigPsychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1004, Switzerland.
Olli RaitakariCentre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Fulvio RicceriEpidemiology Unit, ASL TO3 Piedmont Region, Grugliasco 10095, Italy; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy.
Marko SalmiMediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Andrew SteptoeDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Paolo VineisMRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Torino, Italy.
Cyrille DelpierreUMR1027, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Inserm, Toulouse, France.
Michelle Kelly-IrvingUMR1027, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Inserm, Toulouse, France. Electronic address: michelle.kelly@inserm.fr.
Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées · FRUniversity of Turku · FIImperial College London · GBRegione PiemonteUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Lausanne · CHi3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto · PTInserm · FRTampere University Hospital · FITrinity College Dublin · IEUniversité Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier · FRUniversity of Helsinki · FI

Funding

Education, socioeconomic status and Aging: transitions from multimorbidity to functional limitations and mortalityR01AG056477 · NIA · UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON · PI KIVIMAKI, MIKA J, SINGH-MANOUX, ARCHANA · 2018 to 2022
$2.8M
Medical Research Council MR/R024227/1Medical Research Council MR/S011676/1Medical Research Council MR/S019669/1Medical Research Council S011676NIA NIH HHS R01 AG056477
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEvidence suggests that the inflammatory reaction, an adaptive response triggered by a variety of harmful stimuli and conditions involved in the risk and development of many chronic diseases, is a potential pathway through which the socioeconomic environment is biologically embedded. Difficulty in interpreting the role of the inflammatory system in the embodiment dynamic arises because of heterogeneity across studies that use a limited but varied number of inflammatory markers. There is no consensus in the literature as to which inflammatory markers beyond the C-reactive protein and to a lesser extent interleukin 6 are related to the social environment. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the association between educational attainment, and several markers of inflammation - C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, interleukin 6, interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor α- in 6 European cohort studies.

methodsUp to 17,470 participants from six European cohort studies with data on educational attainment, health behaviors and lifestyle factors, and at least two different inflammatory markers. Four sub-datasets were drawn with varying numbers of participants to allow pairwise comparison of the social patterning of C-reactive protein and any other inflammatory markers. To evaluate within each sub-dataset the importance of the context and cohort specificities, linear regression-based analyses were performed separately for each cohort and combined in a random effect meta-analysis to determine the relationship between educational attainment and inflammation.

resultsWe found that the magnitude of the relationship between educational attainment and five inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, interleukin 6 and 1β and tumor necrosis factor α) was variable. By far the most socially patterned biomarker was C-reactive protein, followed by fibrinogen and to lesser extent interleukin 6, where a low educational attainment was associated with higher inflammation even after adjusting for health behaviours and body mass index. No association was found with interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor α.

conclusionsOur study suggests different educational patterning of inflammatory biomarkers. Further large-scale research is needed to explore social differences in the inflammatory cascade in greater detail and the extent to which these differences contribute to social inequalities in health.

Indexed as

C-Reactive ProteinInflammationBiomarkersCohort StudiesEducational StatusHumansBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinCohort studiesEducational levelInflammationSocial inequalities in health

Identifiers

PMID32919037
PMCPMC8140486
OpenAlexW3086737050

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.