Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32918824›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of public health2020

Support for e-cigarette policies among smokers in seven European countries: longitudinal findings from the 2016-18 EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys.

Janet Chung-Hall, Geoffrey T Fong, Gang Meng, Lorraine V Craig, Ann McNeill, Sara C Hitchman, Esteve Fernández, Ute Mons, Antigona C Trofor, Krzysztof Przewoźniak and 6 more

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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Janet Chung-HallDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Geoffrey T FongDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Gang MengDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Lorraine V CraigDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Ann McNeillDepartment of Addictions, King's College London, London, UK.
Sara C HitchmanDepartment of Addictions, King's College London, London, UK.
Esteve FernándezTobacco Control Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Ute MonsCancer Prevention Unit and WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Antigona C TroforUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Grigore T. Popa' Iasi, Lasi, Romania.
Krzysztof PrzewoźniakHealth Promotion Foundation, Warsaw, Poland.
Witold A ZatońskiHealth Promotion Foundation, Warsaw, Poland.
Tibor DemjénSmoking or Health Hungarian Foundation, Budapest, Hungary.
Paraskevi A KatsaounouFirst ICU Evaggelismos Hospital Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Christina N KyriakosEuropean Network for Smoking and Tobacco Prevention, Brussels, Belgium.
Constantine I VardavasEuropean Network for Smoking and Tobacco Prevention, Brussels, Belgium.
EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Funding

Vaporized Nicotine Product Initiation Among Youth in the US, Canada, and England: Methods to Predict Uptake and Policy EfficacyP01CA200512 · NCI · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI FONG, GEOFFREY T · 2016 to 2025
$25.3M
CIHR FDN-148477NCI NIH HHS P01 CA200512
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe 2016 European Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) required Member States (MS) to implement new regulations for electronic cigarettes (ECs). We conducted a longitudinal study to assess changes over 2 years in smokers' support for EC policies and identify predictors of support in seven European countries after TPD implementation.

methodsProspective cohort surveys were conducted among adult smokers in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Spain and England in 2016 (n = 9547; just after TPD) and 2018 (n = 10 287; 2 years after TPD). Multivariable logistic regression models employing generalized estimating equations assessed changes in support for four EC policies, and tested for country differences and strength of key predictors of support.

resultsBanning EC use in smoke-free places was supported by 53.1% in 2016 and 54.6% in 2018 with a significant increase in Greece (51.7-66.0%) and a decrease in Spain (60.1-48.6%). Restricting EC/e-liquid nicotine content was supported by 52.2 and 47.4% in 2016 and 2018, respectively, with a significant decrease in England (54.2-46.5%) and Romania (52.5-41.0%). An EC promotion ban was supported by 41.1 and 40.2%. A flavour ban was supported by 33.3% and 32.3% with a significant increase in Hungary (34.3-43.3%). Support was generally higher in Poland, Hungary and Greece vs. England. Support was lower among dual and EC-only users, and low-income smokers.

conclusionsSmokers in all countries strongly supported banning EC use in smoke-free places and restricting nicotine content after TPD implementation, with no clear trends for changes in policy support.

Indexed as

Electronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsPolicySmoking CessationAdultEnglandEuropeFemaleGermanyGreeceHumansHungaryLongitudinal StudiesMalePolandProspective StudiesRomania

Identifiers

PMID32918824
PMCPMC7526782

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.